The Journal of agriculture and horticulture, 1 août 1921, lundi 1 août 1921

[" pie tatin met a Ir Ae wth.A ps a =e RNAL RICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE Volume 25 August Ist 1921 Number 2 à) The Road Hot Leads to Holidays IN THIS ISSUE In this issue will be found as much of our material for the August number of the JOURNAL as was sect up in Lype before the printers were called out in connection with the strike now affecting all job-printing establishments in Montreal.We have had to omit from our contents this month much material that should have appeared, but we hope to be able to make it up to our readers in the good things that will come \u2018\u2018 after the strike.\u201d PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OF THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE | Al 7 # = NRL also in An b packet | cents \u201c1b tins 80= mx GET YOUR Fa NOW There was never before as good a time to buy a De Laval Cream Separator as right now.The \u201cDog Days\u201d are at hand when dairying is most difficult without a separator and when the increase in quality of cream and butter are greatest through the use of a good separator.A De Laval Cream Sepa- | rator bought now will easily save its cost before the end of the year, and it may be bought for cash or on such liberal terms as to actually may for itself.The De Laval Company, Ltd, Montreal Peterboro Winnipeg Edmonton Vancouver eR LAL LAE i the BetterLight o Reinforced base on every B Coleman mantle.Stands up 4 under rough usage, Outlasts K all others, Gives the most light.Made in our own fac- ES LICE k tory by special patented pro- Te NT-No™ M cess.Price per dox.$1.Bonet.if Cees 9 your dealer can\u2019t supply you 8 order from us direct.Write to H Coleman Lamp Co., Ltd, ; 843 Coleman Building TOKONTO - CANADA CEI, bricants FOR ALL FARM PURPOSES IMPERIAL POLARINE OIL IMPERIAL POLARINE OIL HEAVY For gasoline-burning engines\u2014automobiles, tractors and trucks.IMPERIAL POLARINE \u201c\u2018A\u2019° For motors requiring an unusually heavy oil.IMPERIAL POLARINE KEROSENE TRACTOR OIL IMPERIAL POLARINE KEROSENE TRACTOR OIL EXTRA HFAVY For kcrosene-burning stationary engines and tractors.IMPERIAL PRAIRIE HARVESTER OIL IMPÉRIAL GRANITE HARVESTER OIL For open bearings of separators, binders, etc.IMPERIAL CAPITOL CYLINDER OIL For steam cylinder lubrication\u2014tractors and stationary engines.IMPERIAL GAS ENGINE OIL I For stationary or portable engines using kerosene or gasoline.IMPERIAL POLARINE CUP GREASE IMPERIAL THRESHER HARD OIL For grease cup lubrication\u2014clean, solidified oils.The Imperial Charts of Recommendations indicate exactly what grade of Imperial Polarine will give best results from your type of tractor or automobile, Sce charts at your dealer's, PSS = || Good Lubrication Insures Longer Life forYour Machinery THE right oil in the right place\u2014reduces friction and wear\u2014means more and better work from each machine\u2014adds years to its life.You're absolutely sure of correct lubrication with Imperial Farm Lubricants.There's a special grade for each and every farm machine.No matter How heavy the work, they keep your machinery running ! smoothly\u2014giving dependable service all the time.Consult the list at the left for the right grades for your machinery.Further recommendations will be gladly furnished by the Imperial Oil man.IMPERIAL OIL LIMITED Power - Heat - Light - Lubrication \u201c4 BRANCHES IN ALL CITIES ill | pS CN ) \u2014w fl _ SN ~ \u2014 A 2 = | Vv A SRE \u20ac.} BN V =a tan RFs, D EL.! 2 3 Naame yy pap, Nes = \\\\ 19 .| A, SSI \u2014 PAN = a ANT \\ ee \u2014 _ oo tance traine SE nil Se bate e THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE Im HE Barrett Company, Limited, with 75 years of experience in the manufacture of high-grade roofing and roof-repair materials, has earned for itself an enviable reputation as a manufacturer of quality products.We have no hesitation in endorsing the products described below: Everjet Elastic Carbon Paint If you are to get the full value out of farm implements, metal roofs, and other exposed metal surfaces, keep them from rusting away.Everjet Elastic Carbon Paint positively prevents rust.It gives a lustrous, black, durable finish that is proof against moisture, acids and alkalies.Put up in 1- and 5-gallon cans, steel drums (43 gals.), wooden barrels (about 40 gals.), and half-barrels (about 20 gals.).Everlastic Multi-Shingles (4 shingles in one) The newest thing in roofing.When laid they look exactly like individual shingles and make a roof worthy of the finest buildings.The soft, natural-slate shades of red or green furnish color and texture to the roof and at the same time give it great durability, exceptional fire-resistance and freedom from painting.No artificial coloring is used.Everlastic Liquid Roofing Cement Plastic Elastigum Patching Cement Unequalled for re- For patching s, surfacing worn- holes and leaks y et , out prepared and iN al kinds of EO « rubber \u201d roofs.T°01S, rebair- .ing flashings, Has the consisten- relining cy of thick molas- gutters, etc.ses; is easy to ap- Known as ply and dries \u201c The water- quickly into a hard, proof cement of a hundred uses.\u201d elastic, wonderfully durable coat Elastigum is tough, elastic, plas- that adds years to the life of tic, waterproof, acid-proof and inexpensive.Comes all ready for your roofs, use.Put up in 1-1b.and 5-lb.cans; 25-1b.and 100-1b.packages, half barrels (about 300 lbs.) and barrels (about 600 lbs.).Tea Comes ready for use in packages ranging from 1-pint tins to 40-gallon barrels, If your general stove or hardware dealer can\u2019t supply you with these Barrett Products, write us and we will.Descriptive booklets sent free on request.LIMITED TORONTO WINNIPEG HALIFAX, N.S.MONTREAL ST.JOHN.N.B.VANCOUVER w Much doYou Pay for Oil ?No matter how much you are paying now, you can save money by buying En-ar-co Scientifically Refined Motor Oil.En-ar-co is a saving oil.Statistics and experience prove that it saves for its users, not only money, but also motors and other equipment.goes farther and lasts longer than ordinary oil.It provides absolute lubrication under the severest heat, and it prevents friction without forming sediment.How much do you pay for oil?Let us help you figure out just what you will save by using En-ar-co! Let us outline its economical possibilities to you, and quote you prices on En-ar-co in steel drums or barrels, steel half drums or half barrels or in the range of smaller sized containers available for you.Besides En-ar-co Motor Oils we also Scientifically refine White Rose Gasoline, En-ar-co Gear Compound, National Light Oil, Black Beauty Axle Grease and En-ar-co Valve Oil.CANADIAN OIL COMPANIES, LIMITED Branches: Toronto, London, Montreal, Quebec, St.John, Halifax, Winnipeg, Regina, Saskatoon, Edmonton, Calgary.SEND THIS FREE COUPON for ll particulars about En-ar-co.Mail it at once to our branch nearest you and get free \u2018\u201cI'he Auto Tour,\u201d an interesting game for 2, 3 or 4 players.Clip and send the coupon now while you are thinking about it\u2014along with a 3c.stamp to cover postage on game.fT SE AID Sh ES SE PS CS CE CES CES CS EN CS CAE GES GUY SEES GOED FES GEN BTU G) wn GFE ADR Emp am 9 To CANADIAN OIL COMPANIES, LIMITED Lo Nearest Branch Wherever you see the \u201cBoy and Slate\u201d sign, that\u2019s the best place to buy gasoline and lubricants.You may explain, wiithout obligation on my part, how 1 can save money by using EN-AR-CO.A 3c.stamp is enclosed for a free \u2018Auto Tour\u201d Game.MY NAME IS St, OF RRs iiss sient essen esses sess areata sean sensations JL , P.0.cies PROV.L.\u2026.\u2026nrcovrcccccscvscrnerreree rte You may quote me prices on i | rrr gallons En-ar-co Motor Oil.gallons National Light Oil.| sorsoses gallons White Rose Gasoline.gallons En-ar-co Valve Oil.| cn pounds Black Beauty Axle .pounds En-ar-co Gear Com- î Grease.pound, bas IV THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE ray aa I do ESSAIS o B= EN CDONALD'S © ut Brier [LP \"Cu.F5 Packages 15° to IbTins 85% A g ans, Ccturea W.C.MACDONALD,REGD INCORPORATED, MONTREAL Nr À ASS Pat) i us 2 / « - we = S SSL SSI - a Re me \u2014 ; rE > NN Zz 1er = ON m5 \u2014 ¥ et CE EN \u2014 | gs \u2014_ AN.= : A2 TN 4, a SSP | _ = \u2014 + Ses \u2018 | ARAM a pa AN We | A \u2014.Te _ ss \u2014 Tt = = NS el AN Meet the Rush Squarely M lFIT Imperial fuels, your tractor cleans up harvesting in short order.They give vaur tractor continuous, dependable power that prevents delays and saves crop losses.A straight-distilled, all-refinery gasoline.It has the uniform, unbroken chain of boiling points that are necessary for quick, easy starting and full engine power.It is economical.Gives greater horse-power and \u2018More miles per gallon.\u201d If better gasoline could be made, Imperial Qil Limited would make it.No other fuels are as economical as Imperial luels.Therc\u2019s not a particle of waste in them.Rigid tests assure absolute uniformity.They burn clean and deposit little carbon.You cut fuel costs for kerosene tractors and engines with Timperial Rovalite Coal Oil.Every gallon goes further and gives the best results in vour engine.There's no fuel better either for lanterns, lamps, heaters or brooders.Imperial Premier Gasoline is a straight-distilled, all-refinery product.Tt makes it possible to develop full power from gasoline motors at minimum cost.It has the perfect chain of boiling points that only go with the highest grade of gasoline, TNT RTE COAL OIL A clean-burning, powerful engine fuel It is free from sediment and burns without depositing excessive carbon.Tractor manufacturers recommend it.Also unexcelled for household use\u2014 lighting, heating and cooking.Every drop goes into power or heat.Every gallon absolutely uniform.ue) E 77S Imperial Service goes with our tractor fuels as it docs with all Imperial products.Ample sup- plics of Imperial Premier Gasoline and Imperial Royalite Coal Oil are available everywhere in Canada.Ry Yemier, \u2018ho alite,\\L bi IMPERIAL OIL LIMITED ine) dan Ra MD Lap Power - Heat - Light - Lubrication BRANCHES IN ALL CITIES University of Montreal Veterinary School of Montreal The examination for the admission to the faculty of Veterinary Medicine will take place September, 7th 1921 at nine o'clock sharp before noon, in one of the school-rooms, 379-381 Demontigny St., East, Montreal.Classes will be opened wednesday morning, September 14 th 1921, at 10 o'clock.For further information, apply to the undersigned or Dr Albert Dauth, V.S, Secretary.Dr.F.-T.DAUBIGNY, V.S., Director.FOR SALE AT Knowlton Village, Que., 100 acres of land, first quality, on Brome Lake, No stone.One house and large barn, Low price and easy terms.GUNN LANGLOIS & CO.Ltd., Montreal.Tel.Main 8600.FOR SALE HOLSTEIN AND AYRSHIRE COWS.\u2014 Holsteins: 4 cows, 2 heifers, 3 one-year-old bulls, 4 calves ; Ayrshires: 3 cows, 4 heifers, 1 bull, 2 calves.Also 8 crossbred cows.All these cows will calve from August to November and has daily records of 40 to 75 lbs.of milk.They were all submitted to tuberculine test.Prices ranging from $25.00 to $150.00.Apply to EMILE COUTURE & BRO.St.Augustine, Portneuf Cty.THREE Leicester yearling rams for sale or exchange for lamb ewes: one Shorthorn yearling ashy bull, one one year old and one three years calved heifer, all selected and registered stock.Apply to ALBERT GIROUX, St.Augustine, Two Mountains Cty., Que.FOR SALE PURE BRED PEKIN DUCKS of fine quality.bred from imported stock, shipment next october.Price $15.per trio: one male and two females, Also a few PURE BRED BRONZE TURKEYS.Prices on application.Cash with order.Apply at G.H.VAILLANCOURT, Sherbrooke, Que.FOR SALE 50 FARMS for sale in the best part of Eastern Townships and in Missisquoi County.For further information, apply to M.LAROSE, Real-Estate Agent, Frelighsburg, Que.FOR SALE One 3 years-old Holstein registered bull, in fine condition.Apply to Mrs.ALBERT BLAIN, St.Hilaire de Rouville.FOR SALE FINE Chester White pigs farrowed in May, coming from a 3 years old sow.Apply to THEODORE LANDRY, St.Anselme.FOR SALE FINE cockerels coming from subjects, winners of prices at the County Fair; those cockerels were hatched in April and May.Barred Plymouth Rocks and Red Rhode Island, $2.00 each.Apply to VALMOND AUDET, Maria Capes, Bonaventure Cty., P.Q.ALL wool knitting yurn for sale\u2014direct from manufacturer\u2014at 95c, $1.45 et $1.70 a pound.Postage paid on $5.orders.Write for samples.H.A.BARTLETT, Harmony, Maine SHORTHORN CATTLE THE COW with the Weight of the Holstein, together with the Fat of the Jersey, giving quantities of Milk, as any good Cows\u2014Re- commandable for Beef always ready with very little extra feed.We have several Heifers and Calves for sale also three Choice Yearling Heifers and one Bull Registered and which stood the Test of Tuberculine.Five cows of 5 to 8 years\u2014great milkers.One three years old Bull all white, a peach, very gentle and tame.Registered and tested, weighs around 1300 lbs.The first $100.00 take him.Write your needs, in these times of shortage of Hay and crop, this cow will help you, known as the best thrifty animal THE YAMASKA POULTRY FARMS, St.Hyacinthe, Que.FARMS WANTED FARMERS ! You will find to sell easily your farm, if you apply to CREDIT IMMOBILIER FRANCO-CANADIEN, 207 St.James Street, WANT to hear from owner having farm for sale; give particulars and lowest price.JOHN J.BLACK, Agriculture Street, Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin.OUR RUSSIAN WOLFHOUNDS are ideal companions, good hunters, bench show winners.Prize winning strains, Send for booklet, prices.ARKANSAS VALLEY KENNELS, Dept.C., Cimarron, Kans.DEALERS\u2014Start for yourselves in one complete line in your own hands.Every proprietor needs few of our 900 varieties of hard and strong trees \u201cRed Label\u201d.Money not necessary.Free and complete outfit and information.Apply to DOMINION NURSERY CO., Montreal, DEALERS\u2014Weekly wages and steady work for selling our trees, complete roots pulled out at the customer\u2019s request.Beautiful trees.Free Service Department.Lessons and outfit freely furnished.Good opportunity to make money.LUKE BROTHERS, Nurserymen,; Mont \u2018real, dma, gio ARP npn SSE vo a { À aime ace Sn Amen yee \u201cAuto-Shoes\u201d Mean Mileage \u2018T'he mileage given by the best tire you ever used would just about approximate the average given by Ames Hoiden \u2018\u2018Auto-Shoes\u2019\u2019 year after year.Ames Holden \u2018\u2018Auto-Shoes\u2019\u2019 are miles better than ordinary tires.The name \u2018\u2018Auto-Shoes\u201d is to help you to remember that\u2014to make it easy for you to get the cheapest mileage you can buy.+ AMES HOLDEN >in, \u201cAUTO-SHOES\u201d == _ NF Cord and Fabric Tires in all Standard Sizes \u201cGrey Sox\u201d Tubes Your Dealer Stocks \u201cRed Sox\u201d Tubes Ames Holden \u201cAuto-Shoes\u201d Or Can Readily Procure Them For You sd Buy Your DELCO-LIGHT Plant ata Rock Bottom Price The new low price at which you can own Delco-Light is so reasonable that your good business judgment will prompt you to act immediately.Delco-Light is one of the very best investments you can make.It gives you electric lights in your 1 C h 1 0 home and buildings, and electric power to do he harle 01S 0, Ltd, many of the hard jobs that must now be done by hand.Montreal, Quebec With Delco-Light you have safe electric lights in every room of your house, in the barn and about the premises.The electric power operates your milking machine, cream separator, churn, washing machine and pump.It makes it possible for you to have fresh running water, under pressure, for all uses.There are 25 styles and sizes of Delco-Light.All models have the famous valve-in-head, four-cycle, air-cooled engine with only one place to oil.They run on kerosene.Buy your Delco-Light now.It will pay for itself in a very short while by the work it actually saves.Get in touch with the Dealer near you.He will gladly tell you the size plant best suited to your needs.Or write to your nearest Distributor for descriptive literature.Easy payments if desired.Write for complete details.Styles and Sizes Qa sizegfor CURLED\u201d Tie Dependable DELCO-LIGHT RE.EAMG i PENAL at Ri \u2018 | Save the Separalor Save Cream- YOUR cream separator is not unlike your watch.Its delicate mechanism must work accurately.To give satisfactory service, proper lubrication is necessary.The continuous use of Imperial Cream Separator Oil saves your separator and saves cream, \\WAPERIR,, CREAM SEPARATOR OIL A pure super-refined mineral oil, specially formulated for cream separator lubrication.lis use insures the perfect balance and the steady, even running essential to close skimming.It does not gum or congeal.It protects against rust and corrosion and lubricates perfectly at good-skimming speed.Sold in pint, quart, half-gallon, gallon and four-galion lithographed sealed cans: Half-barrels and barrels also available.For sale by good dealers everywhere.IMPERIAL OIL LIMITED POWER - HEAT - LIGHT - LUBRICATION Branches in all Cities.THE FARMERS\u2019, CAMPERS\u2019 AND FISHERMAN'S FRIEND Equal in brilliancy to electricity.Light with matches.Storm, Wind and Bug proof.Cannot blow out.\u2018 Perfectly safe, simple srr he to operate.Cannot ex- 4 - ploïe or spill even when tipped over or rolled around.Always reliable.Write for catalogue and prices to ANNE, T.BURGESS 5 614 Drummond Building, Montreal, ABSORBINE eR 7 AT {ARR AE TS Reduces Strained, Puffy Ankles, Lymphangitis, Poll Evil, Fistula, Boils, Swellings; Stops Lameness and allays pain.Heals Sores, Cuts, Bruises, Boot Chafes.It is a SAFE ANTISEPTIC AND GERMICIDE .Does not blister or remove the hafrand horse can be worked.Pleasant to use.£2.50 a bottle, delivered.Describe your case for special instructions and Book 5 R free.ABSORBINE, JR., antiseptic liniment for mankind.reduces Strains, Painful, Knotted, Swollen Veins.Concene trated\u2014only a few drops required atan application.Price $1.25 per bottle at dealers or delivered.W.F.YOUNG Inc., 134 Lymans Bldg., Montreal, Can.Absorbine and Absorbine, Jr., are made in Canada.= A me \u2014 PIN VI THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE We aim to make Canada the First GINSENG Country in the World (Ginseng is planted in the Fall) We want your Co-operation Mr.Farmer, to make Canada the biggest producer of Ginseng in the world.We want you to put in a crop of Ginseng this Fall.It is an easy crop to grow.It requires but little attention.It pays immense profits as high as $40,000 per acre.The seeds of the Conklin Ginseng Nursery Plantation are sure producers.We have yet to hear of a customer of ours who has had a crop failure from our seeds.We will pay the highest spot cash prices for your crop.The 500 Million Chinese who use Ginseng Root-3 years old Buy your Seeds from us\u2014 we buy your Roots at highest market prices.No other crop you can grow approaches Ginseng in profits.Every farmer in Canada should have his acre or two of Ginseng.Write us to-day.Let us send Stoves - Stoves - Stoves Cast Iron \u201cRIVAL\u201d weight 700 Ibs.Summer is the right season to renew the big kitchen stove, Dont delay to fall or winter, : because at that time of the year, shipping gull Gols is not sure and prices always = higher.Get direct from us, from our factory, prices will be lower.Write for our catalog and prices, you Will be interested.La Fonderie de l\u2019Islet, Limitée, L\u2019Islet Sta.\u2026 Que.As before, good agents wanted for stoves and boilers selling./ JES] ERA LAKESIDE AYRSHIRES If you are interested in improving your herd, we are still offering a selection of young bulls whose breeding cannot be surpassed.A certificate of tuberculin test furnished with each animal over six months.White for catalogue.GEO.H.MONTGOMERY, Dominion Express Building, Montreal.7 Ginseng daily are the chief users of Prices of Stratified Seeds\u2014 (Postpaid) you our booklet, \u201cA\u201d It tells what others have done and what Ginseng \u2014 but the you can surely do.world generally is 100 Seeds $ 350 If you had 10,000 coming to its uss - 500 .12.00 pounds of first-class ommg Lo 11s 1,000 20.00 Ginseng root to sell for medicinal pur- 10,000 : 150.00 to-day, we would pay poses.The supply is 70,000 500.00 you $80,000 for ital +.I-year -00ts We believe it will be always short.We year old roots higher next year, for will send you detail- 100 - # 6.00| the price is advanced directions for 1,000 - 59.00] ing every month.planting and cultivation of Ginseng.fully w Drofitable day for full details.10,000 and over, per thousand 41.00 Conklin Ginseng Nursery Plantation No.2 318 Continental Life Building TORONTO 2,000 - 23.00 This is a wonder- \\ There is ) only one way to kill Il the Flies SON LI LTR AREFULLY: AND AL RCA TPS TA, This 18 it\u2014 Darken the room as much as possible, close the windows, raise one of the blinds where the sun shines in, about eight inches, place as many Wilson\u2019s Fly Pads as possible on plates (properly wetted with water but not flooded) on the window ledge where the light is strong, leave the room closed for two or three hours, then sweep up the flies and burn them.See illustration below.; \u2018 Put the plaçes away out of the reach of children until required in another room.3 CUENTA EE ATER IA RN RA NAR IRN ALL II Ld Err rr Cr trp ras Brantford \u201cType K\u201d The Dependable Kerosene Engine The absolute reliability of the \u201cType K\u201d Kerosene Engine on the farm has been demonstrated to an ever increasing host of customers.Simple and powerful in operation, it will do more on a gallon of inexpensive coal oil, than other engines can do on a gallon of gasoline.The Low Cost of Operation of the \u201cType K\u201d is just one of its big features.It possesses Magneto Ignition, not batteries necessary.Fuel Tank is located in the base and fully protected.Accurate throttle governor with speed changing device.All unnecessary weight is eliminated.We have made engines for twenty successful years.Our other lines include: \u2014\u2018\u2018Ideal\u2019\u201d heavy duty Kerosene Engines up to 50 H.P.Tractors, Windmills, Pumps, Grain Grinders, Concrete Mixers, Steel Towers, Wood and Steel Tanks, custom galvanizing and foundry work.Write for illustrated catalogue PORTAGE LA PRAIRIE: END OUTHOUSE EVILS With an INDOOR TOILET Think of it! A city convenience ground floor\u2014wherever you want in your home! A clean, healthy, it.It requires less than two .la Lo hours\u2019 attention a year.Chemical modern toilet conveniently located sterilization and scientific venti- inside the house.No more out- lation make it.the standard ap- house menace\u2014no more discom- proved the continent over, fort and disagreeableness.We have an illustrated booklet The Kaustine Indoor Toilet is which describes the Kaustine today used in thousands Toilet in detail.A post card will of farm homes, schools, bring it.Learn what it is, what churches, and factories, It it does, how surprisingly little it can be installed in a few costs.Write today.Ask for hours\u2014upstairs or on the folder R.KAUSTINE CO., LTD, 12 EASTERN AVE.TORONTO Water Supply and Sewage Disposal Systems \u2014_ WATERLESS CIES) LE rid | { | } i \u201cmes Lire ft gh | boone pe rame rate SSUED MONTHLY BY THE All matters relating to the reading columns must be addressed to S.R.N 22 He JOURNAL FOR RATES OF ADVERTISEMENTS, ADDRESS TO THE CANADA AGRICULTURE PUBLISHING CO., OF THE - Limited PROVINCE OF O | 73 St.James St, QUEBEC.Montréal.Circulation - 83,110 Lee oy eme merite ss em Les tr AGE came re ni vapor\" à ee pe AND HORTICULTURE FRENCH TE Volume 25 AUGUST 1st 1921 Number 2 > EDITORIAL STOCK FOR SHOWING Fall Fair season and the man who is going to make a good showing with his stock at the fairs this fall should already be making preparations for bringing them out in good shape.Almost every fair teaches to the observant the lesson of the need of fitting show animals.We owe it to ourselves and to the visiting public at the fair to bring our stock out in the very best possible condition, for the fair is, of all places, one of the best for teaching the most up-to-date methods in the handling of live stock.In this issue of the Journal we are carrying an article by Mr, L.H.Hamilton on the fitting of sheep for show; and while, as a rule, horses and cattle are brought out in better fit than are some of the farm animals of lesser importance, there is always a tremendous difference to be noted in this respect between different herds of the same breed shown at any exhibition.Too many of us have a contempt for fitting, considering that work done on animals is a partial attempt to catch the eve of the judge and to impgess him favourably through purely artificial means, rather than through the qualities of the animals.The real value of fitting is, however, much greater than that of merely catching the eye through the \u201cflash\u201d or \u201cbloom\u201d a show animal may have.It gives to the young men attending the show a conception of the beauty there is in good live stock and makes an exhibit of horses or cattle really worth while from the spectators\u2019 standpoint.For the benefit of new exhibitors, we should like to remind them that the time for preparing animals for the show ring is in the six wecks preceding the date of the exhibition.Several things must be accomplished during this time.The animals must be taught to lead perfectly; they must be accustomed to the feed that will be available when they arrive at the exhibition grounds; they must be put in good condition and hide and hair given that finish that goes by the term \u201cbloom.\u201d Animals brought direct from good grass pasturage and fed dry feed at the exhibition cannot be expected to look at their best in the show ring.So a few weeks of feeding on some of the drier feeds in a cool, darkened stable will accustom them to this.And the continued vigorous use of the curry comb and brush during the period of preparation, accompanied by a couple of good washings with soft water and soap, will put them in much finer shape for showing than they would be if brought direct from the field.These are just a few little things that are given here merely as reminders.The subject of fitting cattle for show is a large one in itself and with complete directions would take up much space.When, however, a stagt has been made, it is not difficult to keep on the ritth track if common sense principles are used.There is no advertising medium of such value as is the fall fair, if one brings out one\u2019s animals in good condition.I a month or so we shall be in the midst of the FAITH\u2014AND WORKS part of July and its effect upon growing crops, and particularly upon the hay crop, have added to the burden of worries which the farmer is carrying this season.[Faced as he is with continued high prices in most of the commodities.that he requires and with exceptionally low prices being offered for the products of his labor, he is the further worried by lessened production through the adverse weather conditions and by a possible shortage of feed.The seriousness of the situation was well portrayed by the Hon.J.E.Caron, Minister of Agriculture, a couple of wecks ago, when he stated that the Quebec hay crop is only 50% of that of last year, while prospects are for a small grain crop as well and very little straw.\u201cBut what is most alarming,\u201d stated Mr.Caron, \u201cis that the farmers are becoming discouraged.Foreseeing the scarcity of hay and straw, many of them are selling their cows dt ridiculously low prices.It is a disaster which will greatly affect our dairying industry; buttee and cheese will be dearer; in brief, everything will feel the effects of this depression.There are farmers who are at present offering to sell milk cows for $10,because they cannot feeb them.This is the situation.What we now require is a remedy The rains which have deen so general through the rural districts during the past couple of weeks have greatly revived the pastures and with suitable weather T= exceptionally dry weather of June and the first conditions prevailing for the rest of the season the situation would be greatly relieved.What is required more than anything else at the present time is faith\u2014 faith in the future which must steadily bring about a greater uniformity in the prices of farm products and of manufactured commodities, and faith more particularly in the inherent strength of the live stock industry of our province.- But faith without works is dead.\\Vhile conditions may ultimately right themselves, we cannot afford to sit back and wait for something to turn up.We must help better the situation.The Hon.Mr.Caron has taken the first step in helping to relieve the feed situation by commencing negotiations for reduced freight rates upon grains and fooders, so that feed may be brought to the less fortunate sections {rom those sections of the country that are well supplied.This is a commendable step.But there are many things which can be done by the individual farmer to help better the live stock situation upon his own farm.If feed be scarce, this is the time for getting rid of cull stock.It is very difficult fo a poor producer to show a profit in times of scarce feed and low prices tor farm products.And the man who would reduce his losses to the minimum in \u201chis time of stress should sec that his herd harbors no star boarders that \"not only give nothing in the line of profitable returns, but mercly consume the feed that the profitable animals may need so badly.\u2019 _ Live stock is and will continue to be the basis of profitable farming in Quebec and it is the man who, in time of stress, plans for the more prosperous seasons that will ultimately win out.What is needed at the present moment is faith in our proposition, coupled with works in securing the greatest efficiency and the greatest profit, even under the adverse circumstances that are met with from time to time.The Problems of Economics IT.By Dr.H.D.Brunt,Macdonald College Some of these ways are economic, that is, increase the total amount of wealth.Some are uneconomic: they decrease or fail to increase wealth.By wealth we mean not money but commodities and services, although this wealth is measured or valued in money.The bare fact that prices vary shows that money is not wealth: a pound of sugar at 22 cents is neither more nor less than at 9 cents; the pound of sugar is the real wealth.Moreover, no man is sufficient unto himself.He produces but few of the things he needs, while he produces much more of a few things than he can possibly use.Hence we must exchange the product of our work.This means markets, money, credit, banks, foreign exchange, transportation.In order to produce this wealth, at least two factors are needed: land, which contains the raw materials; labor, which produces and operates upon this raw material.We purpose in this article to discuss the land.From the standpoint of Economics, land must be looked upon in two aspects: as a source of raw material, Mon then, have different ways of making a living.the products of forest and farm, quarry and mines; secondly, as land, as extent of space.To the city man, land means something to build upon, and its value depends upon situation.A lot of land on Broadway or the Strand is worth many times the value of a similar lot in an obscure part of the city.WE CRAVE INDULGENCE The printers\u2019 strike, which is at present affecting all job-printing establishments in Montreal, is solely responsible for the dwarfed issue of the JOURNAL in your hand.We are sorry to have to cut down on the size of the paper, but \u2018\u2018needs must when what>s-his-name drives.\u201d We have plenty of good material\u2014much of which should be published this month\u2014but we have no one lo set it up in type.So handicapped as we are we send oul this diminutive number with the hope that a settlement with the striking printers may be reached hefore the next issue of the JOURNAL goes to press.And because the causes leading to the cutting down of the number of pages this month, and to the delay in getting even this much to our readers, are so obviously beyond our control, we feel assured of the kindly sympathy and indulgence of our readers.Perhaps, then, this is as good a place as any to discuss the so-called unearned increment.A man owns a neglected lot on an obscure street.Business moves in that direction, warehouses are built, there is keen competition for land space.By simply \u201csitting tight,\u201d our man finds his piece of land increased many times in value.He himself had done nothing to improve it, to increase its value; that was done by the general movement of prosperity, by social and economic growth of the community.The increase or increment in value was unearned.When land is purposcly so held for increase in land valucs, it is called speculation in land values.Such speculation, of course, may and does take place in land as source of raw materials, farm land, oil land, etc.Every farmer knows the terrible evils resulting from the earlier speculation in farm lands of the West.The present Duke of Westminster draws an enormous yearly revenue from \u201cGround Rents,\u201d because his family held the swampy .ground upon which a large part of London is built.Many cities have attempted to reduce this Unearned Increment to a minimum by progressive taxation.As long as a picce of land is unimproved, not used either for productive or building purposes, the taxes are progressively increased periodically, until the owner finds the tax cating up his expected profit.There is but one course for him: either to sell or use.The Single Tax defenders use this argument: The community is a unit, an organism.No man's ability 1s enough; a grocer must have customers; an actor must have an audience.Progress, then, is social; even the inventor is helpless without those who use his invention, Society as a unit has a claim upon the individual, the unearned increment is created by the community and belongs to the community.Let all land be classified according to its position, its uses.Let a unit of land, a square foot if you like, be valued according to its position or use or both.The land shall be taxed according to this valuation.As land is ultimately the source of all wealth, there need he no other form of taxation.Think this over carefully.Let us return to land as the source of raw material, This involves two important questions: A.International rivalry to control the sources of raw material, the real and fundamental source and cause of war.What is the danger spot in Central Europe to-day?Is it not Silesia?Why?Because of its rich, enormously rich minéral deposits.It is not so much the amount of reparation that troubles Germany\u2014but, shall she retain Silesia, the source of her industrial life.Hence, too, Poland's desire for the same land.The oil of Mesopotamia, the rubber of Africa, the fertilizers of Alsace, the minerals of Silesia: watch your newspapers, and see how the diplomats rave and the people imagine a vain thing.What is the vain thing?That it makes the slightest difference, to you and me and the millions of other common people, who controls them, The world needs oil and coal and fertilizer.Carefully distributed, equitably exchanged, we common folk = wis \u2014 \u2014 we 18 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE should get our share, à reasonable share in return for a reasonable share in the world\u2019s work.Yes, but if another country gets raw material, she will build up a great manufacturing business.Granted.Did you ever swop things when à boy?Did vou not swop?Jisten\u2014it is economically impossible to build up a great industry except by helping to build up the industries of those with whom you trade.Ultimately, goods and services must be exchanged for goods and services.If there be corn in Egypt, the Egyptians nced not be spoiled.We have cotton shirts for them.In à similar way, the Americans are anxious as to the disposition of Mesopotamian and Persian oil fields; and much recrimination has it caused, sometimes seeming to imperil the friendly relations of the two nations.The cause is two-fold: though it makes no difference to you and me, nor ultimately to our or any country's best interests, it does make a difference to rival groups of financiers and promoters in the different countries.We get our gil, refined.That satisfies us.We give in exchange our money, which represents our work.Our work meant some form of industry which corresponds roughly to the amount of industry of someone else in obtaining and refining the oil.We cannot create and exchange without helping some one else to create and exchange.But it makes much difference to Lord Cow- dray and John D, Rockafeller who controls the oil fields of Mexico.This is not intended as a tirade against such groups of financiers.lt is merely an analysis intended to show the real source of international rivalries.Therc is a second reason, however.AI these raw Hence the interest and auxicty of Lhe various governments in Spheres of Influence, especially among Backward Peoples, where the earth yiclds her treasures.One needs but to mention this to show the necessity of world peace, however obtained: whether through the league of Nations or Disarmament Conferences.There are, it scems to me, two fundamental principles: 1.A Mandate or Sphere of Influence must be administered primarily in the interests of the natives of that country.2.Its natural resources should be developed so that the raw materials so gained should be distributed: (a) To provide the means for Government; (b) To provide in exchange a fair standard of life for the natives; (c) As far as possible, to give the various parts of the world their fair share of such products, whether rubber, oil, mincrals or food stuffs.B.We have left no space to discuss in this article the second main point: Who shall control the sources of raw material in any country?That brings up to the question of nationalization of the land.Timely Hints on Gardening OL mn work during this month is very heavy as so many plants require attention, Strict attention should be paid to staking and tying herbaceous and any other tall-growing plants.Lawns will also need constant attention, for the grass will grow apace.Flower beds should have all the dead lowers and foliage removed.There ts more pleasure to be derived from a small place well kept than from a large one in a neglected state.Hoe and rake borders and walks to keep weeds in abev- ance.POTTING SOIL Loam, by which term is generally understood the top layer of soil taken from an old pasture, turf included, should be the prime ingredient in all prepared compost for potting.The turfs should be taken up about 12 in by 18 in.by 2 in., deep and stacked in a heap, grassy side downwards, until the roots are dead and partially decayed,\u2014a slow process which will be accelerated if layers of good, rotten manure arc alternated with every third layer of sods.The heap should be exposed to the weather.All the refuse of the garden and a great deal of that of the house also\u2014can he turned into a fertilizer of high value.There are two ways of dealing with it: one by burning and the other by building up a heap of all the refuse and leaving it until it has rotted into a nice compost.Then it can he spread over the surface of the soil before digging or ploughing.FRIESEAS Freesias bulbs should be potted as soon as they can be procured from the dealers, or any bulbs left over from last season should he taken out of their pots and re- potted into fresh soil, seven or cight bulbs in a five inch pot being sufficient.Place the pots in a sheltered position Jor, better still, in a frame, giving enough water to keep the soil moist.CALLA LILIES Calla Lilies which have been resting during the summer months should be taken out of their pots towards the end of this month.The bulbs should he thoroughly examined and if any signs of mealy bugs are present, place them under a tap and wash, making sure that the bulbs are clean before repotting: then place in pots in proportion to the size of the bulbs, four or five inch pots usually are large enongh.With a good supply of water at first they will not need much moisture until the roots have formed.At least one-fourth of good, rotten manure should be mixed with the soil.Dircetly the pots are full of roots and the growth is well advanced, they should be repotted into their flowering pots, which are usually seven or eight inch.Notice\u2014to Quebec Sheep Breeders HE federal Department of Agriculture, in conjunction with the provincial Department of Agriculture offers to make a classification of pure bred lambs in the province of Quebec for sheep breeders.The principal aims of this classification, which has already been tried and has given good results in other provinces, are the following : (a) To improve the sheep industry in the province, by making better known the breeders of good pure-bred subjects, according to their merits, and by assisting them to sell their lambs.(b) To facilitate the acquisition of good subjects of pure breed by breeders of cross sheep.Very often the breeder of cross sheep does not know all the qualities of a good purebred sheep, nor yet the particular characteristics of the breed that he desires to introduce into his stock.(c) To assist raisers of pure bred sheep to select their lambs.(d) To facilitate the purchase of sheep by correspondence and thus to avoid useless costs.Breeders of pure blood sheep who have pure bred lambs, and who desire to have them classified, must inform the Secretary of the Council of Agriculture of the fact before the 15th of August by transmitting to him the annexed form carefully filled in.When we are placed in possession of the required information, the experts chosen and named by the federal department of Agriculture and accepted by the provincial Department will visit the subjects mentioned in the application, and will classify them as follows : Every lamb representative of the type of his breed, and of good size will be tattooed with three stars on the left ear and will be recommended for heading a pure bred flock.A lamb of good quality, but less represent- aative of the type of his breed will be tattooed with two stars and recommended for placing at the head of a flock of cross or common sheep.Lambs of inferior quality will be tattooed with one star and will be recommended for breeding purposes.The Quebec department of Agriculture will grant to every breeder a premium of three dollars and of two dollars for each of his sheep marked with three and with two stars respectively.A list of the breeders who have their lambs so classified will be distributed by the Department of Agriculture at Quebec to all the agronomists and to all others who apply for it.A list will also be affixed to the two cattle markets in Montreal.On this list will be shown the name and address of the breeders and the number of their lambs tattooed with three and with two stars.J.-Antonio Grenier, Deputy-Minister of Agriculture *, 7 0 ne °° hod APPLICATION FOR CLASSIFICATION OF REGISTERED, PURE BRED RAMS , living in the parish of .county of.hereby make application for the classification of myramsof.breed, num- In making the present application, I hereby undertake to conform to the regulation established by the federal Department of Agriculture, with the cooperation of the provincial Department of Agriculture, for the classification of rams.I live in the.range of eee eee The railway station nearest to my residence is.Cee and the distance between the two localities is.miles + ++ + + 2 + 4 4 + 6 6 4 6 + 4 0 0 5 + + 8 6 2 4 0 0» N.B :\u2014Do not fail to fill in all the blank of this form in order to avoid any delay or misunderstanding.PELARGONIUMS Pelargoniums, or what are commonly called Royal George, that have been resting for the past few months should be given attention during this month.The old plants may be cut back to within two or three eyes on each stem, the old soil shaken from the roots and repotted into small pots.Place them in a frame or a good sunny winaow, and water sparingly.Directly the plants have made a little growth and the pots are filled with roots, repot into a larger size and so on until the flowering pot is reached.It is necessary to give the plants ali the light possible.Increase the supply of water as the plants begin to grow.The wood that is cut back off the old plants can be used for making cuttings.Select good, strong shoots and cut into three inch lengths.Place into three inch pots, using a sandy soil.Keep the soil moist but not too wet.The cuttings should be placed in a shady window.After the roots have formed, give the same treatment as the old plants, i.e.lots of light, good ventilation and plenty of water, and repot as required until their flowering pots are reached, using a good, rich soil.Six or seven inch pots are sufficiently large to carry them through the winter.E.H.J.Preparing for the Next Lamb Crop UCCESSFUL sheep husbandry requires careful preparation for the next lamb crop.It matters little what time of the year it is, whether the ewes are just bred, the lambs just weaned or the lamb crop just due, preparation for the next crop should be kept in mind, No time is more important than during the previous lambing season.At that time notes and records should be kept of all important items regarding the behaviour of the ewes, the number of lambs each raises and whether they are good mothers or not, whether their udders are healthy and well balanced, or any other valuable notes of this kind.Any ewe that does not successfully raise her offspring should be culled rather than re-bred.Great care should be exercised in the selection of the ram to be used.He should be a typical, uniform, good-sized, pure-bred animal, full of vigour, active, and in good bloom.It is wonderful the influence a ram may have upon the offspring of a flock of ordinary ewes.The selection of the ewes is also a very important feature in connection with the lamb crop.This selection may be done when the previous lambs are weaned and again at breeding time.The shepherd has in mind at this time uniformity in type.The more uniform in appearance the ewes are, the more uniformity will be shown in the offspring and hence the better the prices to be obtained when marketing time arrives.Nothing attracts the buyers like uniformity not only in good conditions, but in size, age, appearance and type.The ewes\u2019 teeth should be examined and if any defects are found the ewes should be culled.As a rule ewes are not profitable for breeding after they pass five years of age.Not only should severe culling be done to the mature ewes but careful selection should be practised in choosing future breeding ewes from the lamb crop, always being careful to retain those as near the ideal type as possible.Too much emphasis cannot be laid upon the culling process.After the culling and selection work has been completed the ewes are prepared for breeding.They must be well fed and put in good condition but not overfat.As the breeding time approaches they should be flushed on some-good, green, succulent pasture.As many as possible should be bred at the same time so that the lambs arrive in a group and the lambing period will not then be spread over a long period, which is objectionable.As the lambing period draws near the shepherd appreciates the fact that his busy time is approaching.He looks to the increased comfort of his flock.If the lambs are to be born in the barns the buildings are thoroughly cleaned and disinfected; hurdles, lamb-creeps, feeding racks, disinfectants, record books, docking and castrating tools are all put in readiness for the coming harvest, which will represent his profits on the business.W.H.HICKS, Superintendent, Experimental Farm, Agassiz, B.C.min = ids \u2014\u2014\u2014 iam seem pp, mm il pe ou se JS mg are lil Tm ee THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 19 Trimming up the Show Flock How Sheep should be Prepared before they are put up for Exhibition HE trimming, fitting and showing of sheep may seem, to the casual observer or onlooker, a matter of trifling import; even the average stockman who has maintained a small flock of sheep all his life has little conception of the pains which have been exercised and time which has been expended in preparing a small flock of ewes and lambs for the show ring.The excellence which has been attained in the art of trimming and fitting at our big shows is certainly most commendable and worthy of the highest praise, but the apparent neglect, lack of interest and indifference which prevails at some of our smaller shows and amongst the smaller breeders is greatly to be regretted and deplored, for not only does it injure the reputation of the exhibitors and the particular breed in which they should delight, but it also is an injustice to the industry itself, causing many would be breeders to stay out of the business instead of entering whole-heartedly into the game.Only a small number of men naturally possess the necessary liking for sheep, the personal qualifications and the unbounded persistence and self-sacrifice necessary to make a success of their work.For some working on their knees moulding out a perfect form becomes an arduous duty instead of a happy pastime, and the feeding and watching of the flock a monotonous routine.These men never really make a success of the show business.They lack the enthusiasm and pep which really is the fount of education and the sole source of pleasure of the real show man.Their aim seems not in the direction of pleasure and wealth combined, but rather in that of material benefit alone.It is the man with the alert eye and keen brain who sees and compares the efforts of others with those of his own, who really enjoys the artificialities of the show ring and the few words of praise which slip from the casua observer.These men are the benefactors of a show.They are in the game for all that is in it and should be encouraged.However, such wanted characteristics as have been just mentioned can be cultivated and developed if one will but apply one's self andluse his energy and brain in harmonious co-operation, for often it is the amateur enthusiast, who is observant and energetic, who carries off the honors.Much time and money has been spent by our various Departments of Agriculture in promoting the sheep interests in the Province of Quebec and with apparent good results, but not until we have enlisted the enthusiastic support of every purebred sheep breeder in an advertising campaign, a campaign which not only boosts himself but the industry in general and breed in particular, can we expect to receive the full benefit of such efforts.Such campaigns find their birth in the show ring; thus every man should have sufficient interest to bring his worthy prospects to the show and in good show shape.THE PROPER TIME TO COMMENCE To commence properly for showing, one should make the selection of his stock the previous fall, and in spite of all alluring prices keep the foundation stock with which he hopes to carry off the ribbons.During the During the spring the flock should be carried along in good condition and changes from dry feed to pasture made very gradually.Winter rye is perhaps one of the best and carliest pastures and the flock may be turned out for a short time each day until they have become accustomed to feeding upon it.Early rape is also very good and sheep will do well on being turned from the yre to rape.PUT FINISH ON DURING THE SUMMER To have sheep finished at the proper time requires a great amount of skill and ability.Very often people start too carly to feed and their sheep become too fat, the flesh becomes flabby and the animal goes off in conformation by weakening in the pasterns and sagging in the back; often also what is known as slipping occurs.These conditions should be carefully guarded against and one should always bear in mind that the animal carrying the most flesh does not always carry off premier honors.The ideal condition is to have the finish on just before the big show.That is, to have the flesh firm and fresh to the touch and the animal as correct as possible in conformation.To do this feeding must be done carefully, the ration increased gradually as the hot weather spoils the appetite.In feeding one should give just enough; the troughs should be kept clean and sweet.Fresh clean water should be available at all times, also a plenteous supply of salt kept within easy reach.During the hot days some shelter should be provided.A cool well ventilated barn or shed which is darkened to kecp away flies is almost ideal.In the evening the flock should be turned to pasture again.During the latter part of July and August, when old pastures become dried up to some extent, a fresh lot of rape, clover or alfalfa should be provided.This keeps fall and winter very little extra care is required so long as the sheep are kept in a good, healthy and vigorous condition.During the first two weeks in March the sheep should be properly shorn.The exact time cannot be made too definite because of climatic conditions at the time and the situation or locality of the interested party.However, any time during the last two weeks of February and during the month of March should prove satisfactory.A practice which is still followed to some extent is that of stubble shearing or the clipping of the wool down to about one inch in length, the object being to have the sheep carry a heavy fleece at the time of showing.While this has been quite successful in some instances in the past it has neither proven profitable from a health or economic rtandpoint on the average.Only last week did the writer visit quite an extensive sheep farm, and on being shown through the stables became amazed at seeing quite a large number of ewes and rams running in a pen still unshorn.Needless to say, with the temperature running around 909 inthe shade, those sheep were suffering quite intensely.This is one of the bad effects of such a practice; another is that wool left on the sheep's back for such a length of time looses its proper lustre and vitality and becomes more or less dead.Such a practice is not generally followed by the most efficient shepherds and should be more distinctly discriminated against by judges.In close shearing during the early spring season care is required that the stock does not become chilled and stiffened.After shearing they should be placed in warmer quarters and blanketed.This, along with a good heating meal ration such as a little peas or a mixture of oats, bran and oilcake, should help keep the circulation up to normal and the body sufficiently warm.It will also be noticed by the good stock man that the appetite is more sharp and more food is required at this time, and while this condition exists proper exercise should be provided.This is very important in keeping the digestive organs in good shape and in keeping the muscles pliable and free.the flock doing well when ordinarily they would go back A little grain should also be fed throughout the summer season and increased gradually as the time for showing approaches.The amount of increase and amount to feed at any time depends upon several factors such as the breed, age of sheep being fed, time to finish off, etc., so that nothing definite can be stated here.Such a factor depends entirely upon a man\u2019s judgment.One other factor, however, might be mentioned, and that is variety in feeding.No animal responds more quickly or shows better results from a variety of feeds than sheep, and the good feeder will always try to tempt the appetite of his flock by adding something new to the ration as often as possible.The main thing to remember in feeding is that good digestion cver waits on appetite, and unless we can keep the appetite sharp and keen our gain may become our loss.In the feeding of the lambs there are several essentials for success, viz., milk, sunshine, exercise and variety of succulent feeds.This supplemented with a meal ration as the lamb matures is bound to give good results upon the right type of lamb.Many feeders use peas to a large extent in fattening lambs, and while good results have been attained in some instances it is generally conceded that too many peas for lambs are detrimental.Having the proper condition, the next factor is the trimming of the flcece.In producing a good fleece in a fine well trimmed condition it is necessary that it be kept as free from dirt as possible and at no time after trimming has commenced should the sheep be left out in any heavy rains, as this makes the fleece much more difficult to trim by not only matting it together, but also by giving it a more or less dry harsh effect.Two or three trimmings should be sufficient to block out the animal properly and leave the fleece in fair order, the first being done about a month before the show.To trim one requires a pail of soft water to dampen and work up the wool, a cattle curry to bring out the ends of the, wool and break up the clots, and a wool card to put the finishing smoothness upon the fleece.This is a feature which one cannot afford to overlook and which tests a man's skill and judgment to the utmost, for it is by proper trimming that we try not only to cover up the weaknesses of our stock but also to show to the very best advantage the strong points of our individuals, During the actual work great patience must be exercised with animals which become restless, uneasy and excited.In trimming it is probably best to commence at the shoulder and work back, always keeping a straight top line.Then trim the rear end making it correspond to the back; then the left side and right side, and finally the head and neck are done.The main idea to keep in mind in trimming is to give the animal as compact and blocky an appearance as possible and to make the fleece appear as dense as possible to the eye and to the touch.In the long wooled breeds separate the wool into strips and cut off the rough edges.Put blankets on after trimming and also keep blanketed in transit.In blanketing be sure to make the blanket to fit the sheep and not vice versa.One other feature which should not be overlooked is the trimming of the feet.This should be attended to carly and attention paid all along so that a sheep stands properly on its pasterns and square on its legs.Finally, in showing remember that you are still in the game until the ribbons are actually placed and very often the proper attention in the show ring wins one not only much favor in the ring but may also be the cause of a much higher place in the honors.Heavy Hogs Not Wanted The Hog Situation Discussed in a Letter from a Buyer.Hon.J.E.Caron, Minister of Agriculture, Quebec, P.Q.EAR Mr.Caron, Once Again the farmers in Quebec are paying a heavy penalty for marketing their hogs at too heavy a weight.Last week and again this week, there were very many hogs on this market weighing from 250 up to 350 and even 400 lbs.With the unsatisfactory market conditions in Eng'and as at present it is absolutely impossible to market these hogs except at a very heavy discount in price.We are open to buy this morning selected hogs weighing from 175 to 250 at 13%c weighed off at this market, which would net the farmer about 12c.We are not able to buy hogs weighing from 250 Ibs up at over 8c a pound, which would mean the farmer would receive 6%.Circumstances today are extreme although they are typical of the English market.Today bacon out of selected hogs of selected weights is bringing 155 shillings on the English market.Heavy bacon out of heavy hogs is bringing 90 shillings and it is on this differential we have to base our prices.The farmer, therefore, today who markets a hog weighing 300 lbs will receive about $19.50.Had he marketed this hog a few weeks ago when it weighed 200 lbs he would have received $24.00.The reason of his taking a lower price is not on account of a slump in the market but from the fact that he has produced.a product for sale for which there is little or no market.This is most unfortunate, especially at a time like this when farm products are so much lower in price.I feel absolutely certain that there is no hope that the raiser of hogs in this province will meet with success unless he produces a hog of the weight and type suitable so that the packer can export it to England.As matters now stand, the farmer is taking $5.00 per head less for his hog than he would have obtained two months ago and is out of pocket all the feed that he has fed to it.If this were the first time this had happened, I would not be so surprised, but it has occurred time after time and year after year.It occurred to me that perhaps a statement to the press issued by you at this time might have some good effect.It will not, of course, provide the remedy as the hogs are too heavy now and will have to be sold for the best price they can bring, but it may be possible for you to drive home- a lesson to the farmers which they might take more to hearth at this time when they are experiencing this cruel loss.I firmly believe that the growing of hogs could be made a great revenue producer to the farmers of this province if they would grow them the type and quality which would enable the packer to export 20 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE them, but, if they insist on raising them and marketing them at the heavy weights they do, they are only going to meet with grief and disaster.As 1 stated carly in this letter, we are open to buy thousands of suitable hogs for our export trade on a basis of 12c to farmers but we cannot buy these heavy hogs on a higher basis than 6%e¢, and even The Shrinkage at this low price our trade in England would only take a very few, Yours truly, (signed) R.N.WATT, Vice-l'resident.The William Davies Company Limited.Montreal, Ju'y 27, 1° 21, of Stored Hay An Explanation of the Variation Found in Weights of Hay By Dr.G.P.McRostie, Macdonald College, Que.HE question of the shrinkage of stored hay is T one that has caused considerable speculation and no small amount of dissatisfaction all along the line from the producer to the ultimate consumer.The farmer who weighs his hay before stacking or putting it into the mow wants to know how many tons of hay he is going to have to sell after meeting his feeding requirements, or on the other hand how much hay he must buy now to make up any estimated shortage for winter feeding.The dealers want to know how much loss in weight they must allow for from the time they buy the baled hay until it has passed out of their hands, while the consumer wants to know the reason why he is asked to pay for an eighty-six pound bale of hay that weighs only eighty-one pounds when he buys it.A better understanding of the exact points involved would heip to smooth out some of the troubles and misunderstandings all along the line.lt is necessary that we keep in mind that shrinkage, and by that term we mean loss in weight, in hay consists almost entirely in a reduction in the amount of water normally present in the green plant when eut.The greatest shrinkage of course takes place between the time the forage is cut and the time it is considered ready to put into storage.The average water content of most of our grasses 1s reported to be from 60 to 7046, while that of our clovers and alfalfas ranges somewhat higher.The amount of water remaining in the hay when it is deemed safe for storage ranges from as high as 25% in the semi-arid regions of the middle west to an average of 12 to 15% in eastern sections.The extreme dryness of the atmosphere of the semiarid portions of the country makes it possible to store hay containing the larger amount of moisture, where the same amount of initial moisture under the more humid eastern conditions would result in moldy hay.There is a wide variation in the amount of water contained in grasses and clovers at the time of cutting, during the process of curing and when considered ready for storage.The maturity of the crop is one of the chief causes of variation in this respect.Green hay contains considerably more water than the same hay when nearer maturity.Hay cut at the beginning of the haying season will therefore have a much larger water content than hay cut at the end of the season, Experiments indicate as much as 32% of variation in water content between the first and last cuttings of timothy, the harvest period of which extended over a period of three weeks.This means that hay cut at the first of the haying season will very likely be put into the barn or stack with a considerably higher water content than the hay that is cut at the end of the same season, There will consequently be a much greater shrinkage during storage in the first cuttings than in the later ones, The humidity of the atmosphere and general weather conditions also play an important part in determining the amount of moisture that will be present in hay when it is stored.The same conditions will also have a definite bearing on the amount and rapidity of shrinkage after the hay is stored.Damp weather, or dry weather with high humidity, such as is frequently experienced in the vicinity of large bodies of water, during the time the hay is being harvested, and followed by dry days with low humidity, will mean a very marked and quite rapid shrinkage of hay after storage.On the other hand, dry harvest days with little moisture in the atmosphere will be accompanied by a much smaller percent of shrinkage of the stored hay.This will be more marked if the weather following storage happens to be damp.WHAT CONSTITUTES \u201cCURED\u201d HAY.The initial shrinkage in hay practically ceases when the water content reaches a certain point which varies with climate.For Quebec conditions the average percentage of water in cured hay should range from 11 to 13%.By cured hay is meant hay that has passed through the sweating stage in either stack, mow or bale, which stage is usually completed in from four to six weeks after storage.Until hay has passed through this sweating stage it should not be regarded as a marketable product.After the sweating period has been passed through and thz moisture content has reached the averages stated previously, the loss by shrinkage is very little, It is true that a fluctuation will occur in the moisture content with the changing weather conditions but the gains and losses will offset each other, For the farmer who feeds most of his hay on his own farm the question of shrinkage should be the least of his troubles.In well cured hay practically no food material is lost during this process.All that takes place is a loss of water the equivalent of which can readily be obtained at the minimum of expense by a judicious use of the pump handie.On the other hand, the farmer who wants to estimate how much hay he is likely to have for sale or how much he must buy to take care of an expected shortage, a safe allowance for average shrinkage during storage would be from 15 to 20%.Twenty percent is the allowance made by the western hay growers, but on account of our higher humidity in the province of Quebec our percent of shrinkage would likely be somewhat less, The bulk of the hay in the province that is placed on the market is put there in the form of bales usually varying from about 65 to 100 lbs.in weight.It is the shrinkage in the hay thus baled that is the greatest bone of contention, SHRINKAGE IN BALED HAY.That there is a considerable variation from the original weight of some bales is common knowledge, Just why some bales vary so much more than others in this respect it is our purpose to try to make clear.If all baled hay were put up from material that had passed through the period of heat, in other words from cured hay, there would be much less cause for fault finding on the score of short weight of the baled hay.This is not the case, however, as considerable hay is baled from the cock or windrow without being previously cured.It is needless to say that hay thus baled will lose very appreciably through shrinkage.Where dealers make a practice of handling such hay it is highly desirable that they get rid of the hay as quickly as possible and that it is not held by any one person longer than absolutely necessary in order that the loss through shrinkage be distributed all along the line and not all borne by one person, Where hay is baled from the mow or stack even after curing has taken place, there will be an appreciable variation in the moisture content of bales put up from the outside and those put up from the inside of the mow or stack.This is due to the fact that the outside of the mow or stack dries out more quickly than the inside and is also effected by varying weather conditions.The interior of a stack or mow is very little affected by climatic changes and once the moisture content has reached around the minimum shows very little variation in that respect.Baled hay, being in comparatively small bundles, is affected appreciably by changing climatic conditions.The amount of variation in weight will depend considerably on how the bales are piled and where they are stored, If they are piled so that there is considerable free air space between the bales they will vary much more than if they are tightly packed.Similarly, bales stored in an open shed will vary more than those stored in a closed room.The chief cause of loss and dissatisfaction is due to the baling and marketing of hay before it is properly cured.If hay is marketed in the proper condition shrinkage does not affect the profits of the producer, dealer, commission man or consumer to any very serious extent.There may be a small loss in weight caused by continued dry weather which lowers the normal water content of marketable hay, but this is just as liable to be offset by an increase in weight during a prolonged period of damp weather, under which conditions the water content of the hay is increased slightly over the normal.There is actually no increase or decrease in any food constituent only a loss or gain of water.For the dealer or commission man who handles large quantities of produce this variation in weight with changing climatic conditions would be well worth taking into account, For the producer who sells by weight, it might seem good policy to sell after a damp period rather than after a protracted dry period, and for the consumer who also buys by weight it might be worth while to buy after a dry period.However, where hay is baled in proper condition and the weight recorded on the bale there should be little cause for complaint if the weight of the bale does fluctuate within a few pounds &f the stamped weight, Keep in mind that the shrinkage or gain is only water, not food material, and the world will look a little brighter.If regulations were enforced whereby only hay that has passed through the sweating stage and had been properly and thoroughly cured were al- losed to be put on the market, much loss, dissatisfaction and petty annoyance would be removed from the hay trade.Marketing the Surplus Stock ISTRIBUTE the sale of market birds over as many of the twelve months as possible.Sell when the price is good and the birds ready.As far as possible, get out of the habit of marketing everything in the fall of the year.Watch the markets and have your birds ready when you can get the prices.HENS.The best prices are received for hens in the spring of the year.À good plan is to cull out all the hens you do not intend to keep over for breeding purposes another year and sell as soon as the egg yield drops.This will occur after the breeding season is over and usually along about the 1st of July for the poorer ones, the better layers a little bit later.Whether these birds should be killed before selling will depend upon the demand.In some large cities, a better price is paid for the live bird than for the dressed.The killing therefore, will depend upon the prices paid.WHICH HENS TO MARKET.When trap-nest- ing is followed the matter is simple, for the non- producers can be picked out at any time.Where trap-nests are not used the selection is made much more convenient if leg bands are used to distinguish the hens from the pullets, and the early-laying pullets from the later ones.With these marks the hens and the low-producing pullets can be disposed of.The aim should be to keep over the summer months only the birds that are paying well for their keep, and that are to be kept for breeding purposes the next spring.In the case of Leghorns or other light breeds, it may pay to keep all pullets over the summer, but this must be determined by the number of eggs they are laying, as soon after their egg production comes below their cost of keep even Leghorns should be disposed of.BROILERS.Broilers are chickens weighing not over four to five pounds to the pair.In recent years the demand and the prices have risen for broilers and now for those who are close to a good broiler market it pays to sell their cockerels as broilers rather than hold them until fal] and sell them as roasters.It is a good plan, therefore, to get rid of as many cockerels as you intend to sell, during the broiler stage, if the price available at that time makes it worth while, and usually it does.The selling of broilers at this time of the year cuts down on the feed bill and leaves more room for the pullets to mature.| mes ï Jy ST .CRE J a eT | en eS Nn St \u201cGe 2 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 21 DUCKS.The only time to sell market ducks is when they are about ten weeks ot age and can be marketed under the trade a name of \"green ducks\u201d.Usually where there is a demand for this class of ducks they will bring a bigger price per bird at this stage than at any later stage, and the cost of production is materially less.ROASTERS.In spite of the number that can sell broilers, the bulk of the cockerels will be sold as roasters weighing from 4% to 6 pounds in the fall.In disposing of roasters it pays to crate feed.The last pound of flesh is the cheapest: part of the whole carcass and enhances the value of the entire bird.Do not dispose of any class of poultry stock without special feeding, and for the larger cockerels, especially, the crate feeding system is best.TURKEYS AND GEESE.Geese are becoming more popular each year and deserve more attention on the average farm than they have received.The Carrying the grass feeding habit of the goose is an added reason for goose flesh being one of the cheapest poultry meats produced.Turkeys continue to be our highest priced poultry flesh and no doubt will maintain this position for some time, for the ravages of blackhead cach year seem to make it harder to produce turkeys.In marketing turkeys almost more than any other class of poultry meat, it is essential that they be well-fed.Turkeys cannot be too fat and in disposing of them keep in mind that turkeys are used for festival occasions.Have them ready, therefore, in plenty of time for Thanksgiving and Christmas, and do not leave the marketing of them too near the time at which they are required for eating.F.C.ELFORD, Dominion Poultry Husbandman.(Garden Over VEGETABLES, MEAT AND FISH MAY BE CANNED BY THE COLD PACK METHOD By Miss E.M.Roach, Wi are in the midst of our Canning Season.There is no more interesting or profitable work than that of canning fruits, vegetables, meats and fish.What work shows to a better advantage, or what work do we feel prouder to show to our friends than that of our canned products; our rows and rows of jars filled for future use?And what tastes better in the long cold winter months than these products which we exhibit with such pride in the fall?And lastly, what foods do our bodies require?What elements do we need to keep our bodies in good repair?>\u2014just what will be found in these well-filled jars.COLD PACK METHOD The Cold Pack Method is to be preferred to all other methods, as it decreases the work of canning, and is just as effective as is the Intermittent Method.It is the method used in canning factories where the food is canned under pressure, but it may be used in the home, where a wash-boiler is used, for all fruits and vegetables.1.Use a boiler with a false bottom, and fill with enough water to cover the jars at least one inch.2.Prepare the fruit or vegetables to be canned.3.Scald or blanch the foods the required length of time, according to the table.In blanching be sure to keep the water boiling.4.Plunge the food into cold water, and leave it in cold water until cool.5.For vegetables, remove the skins and cut in convenient size.Pack tightly in the jar.Add 1 teaspoonful of salt to each jar, and fill full with boiling water.6.Place jars in water or steamer.Cover the boiler tightly, and boil the required length of time (see timetable).7.Remove jars.Screw tightly and invert over night.TERMS EXPLAINED: I.Scalding\u2014is pouring water over the food in order,\u2014 (a) To loosen the skin; (b) To eliminate objectionable flavour; (c) To start the flow of colouring material.acids and acrid 2.Blanching\u2014is boiling the food in water, or steam- successful work.Macdonald College ing.Use a cheese-cloth bag, or a wire frying basket, or strainer, to lower the food into the water.The blanching process is used: (a) To loosen the skin; (b) To eliminate acids and acrid flavours: {c) To reduce bulk; (d) To make the Intermittent or fractional method unnecessary.3.Cold Dip\u2014is to chill quickly by dipping in cold water the fruits or vegetables.Purposes of cold dip are\u2014 (a) To harden the pulp under the skin and thus permit the removal of the skin; (b) To coagulate the colouring matter and to make it harder to dissolve.during the sterilization period; (¢) To make it easier to handle the products in packing.Baked beans may be canned during the winter months when the bottles are being emptied.Prepare the beans as for serving.Pack in clean hot jars, and fill with boiling water.Sterilize in the hot water bath or steamer ninety minutes.This saves time, fuel and work in the summer.Canning Pie Filling: Cut pumpkin or squash into convenient scctions, core and remove skins.Cook 30 minutes to reduce to pulp.Add one cup sugar and one teaspoonful salt to cach quart of pulp.Pack in jars.Adjust rubbers and covers.Sterilize 90 minutes in hot water bath; or 45 minutes at 5 pounds steam pressure.Canning Vegetables for Salad: In canning different kinds of vegetables there is often a sample of each left over, which is not sufficient to fill one jar.These leftovers may be utilized.Place them in layers in the jar, for instance, a layer of peas, layer of cubed carrots, layer of beans, layer of corn, etc.Add salt, one-half teaspoonful 10 one pint jar.Pour hot water over them.Fit covers, partially seal and cook according to the cold pack method.Sterilize 3 hours in hot water bath; or 2 hours at 5 pounds steam pressure; or 114 hours at 15 pounds steam pressure.Tomato Soup: 14 bushel ripe tomatoes, 1 dozen onions, 8 bunches celery, 1 bunch of parsley, | dozen cloves, 8 bay leaves.Boil all together and pout through colander, then sieve, then add one cup granulated sugar, half cup salt, hall a teaspoonful cayenne.Fill jars and sterilize twenty minutes in a hot water bath or steam cooker.Note:\u2014All products should be strictly fresh for Report of Quebee Women's Institutes Province have held their cighth annual convention, at Macdonald College.At that Convention delegates were present from nearly all of the fifty-five Institutes.Reports were most encouraging, and tell of splendid work being \u2018done along many lines.: Howich Institute during June had addresses on \u201cTemperance,\u201d \u201cOur Canadian Youths,\u201d and \u201cRights of Childhood.\u201d They also had a descriptive talk on \u201cBermuda\u201d by a resident of that Island.This institute is working for consolidation of schools, as well as taking charge of the local school Fair.Wyman Institute reports a demonstration by Miss Buzzell in April on \u2018Supper Dishes.\u201d A the Shawville Institute Mr.R.W.Hodgins gave an address on \u201cCommunity Work.\u201d One new member joined.At Eardley the report of the Convention was read and three new members joined.The Dundee Institute had a paper on \u201cStains\u201d and how to remove them, and one on \u201cSunday Dinners.\u201d \u201cQur Dominion Governments\u2019 was the subject of an address given at the Elmside Institute.Wakefield Institute has discontinued meetings until September.The June meeting took the form of a picnic at which the Convention report was read.St.Francis Institute reports four new members enrolled at their June meeting.They have paid five dollars to the Traveller's Aid, and fifty dollars to the Wales Old Folks\u2019 Home.Cookshire Institute is co-operating with the Agricultural Demonstrator in carrying out a strawberry contest, and is helping with the School Fair.Committees from the Bury Women's Institute and the local churches are working together towards the improvement of the cemetaries.Brookbury Institute is \u201cfull of good works.\u201d The members served dinner to those attending a \u201cbee\u201d which was held for work in the cemetery.Plans are being made to assist in the schools in practical ways.This Institute has undertaken the erection of Community Hall.Tour new members were enrolled at their June meeting.Massawippi Institute was instruméntal in securing the services of a minister and holding Sunday services and Sunday School in the Massawippi Church, which has been closed for five years.They are also looking after the improvement of the cemetery.Mrs.McCurdy of Lennoxville gave a talk on \u201cWork of the Women's Institutes,\u201d at their June meeting.Six new members joined.\u201cHome Nursing\u201d was the subject of an address given at the Hatley Institute and two new members joined.This Institute bas undertaken the purchase of a piano for usc in the town hall.\u201cResolved that Reading is more beneficial than Travel,\u201d was the subject of a debate at Tomifobia Institute.This Institute is working hard to equip the town hall with nceessary furnishings.Five new members joined, - At Ayer\u2019s CHff rontine business and the reading of the report of the Annual Convention took up the time at the June meeting.One new member was enrolled, Orford Institute is still Carrying On\u201d and working towards community improvement.Belvidere Insutute has greatly added to the attran- tiveness of their school house and surroundings.Five dollars was donated to the School Fair, and a couch givee to the tuberculosis hospital.In addition to routine business at the Ascot Institute, an address was given on Home Nursing,\u201d and the report from the Convention at Macdonald College was read.The June meeting of the Lennoxville Institute was the second of a series on Child Welfare.À paper was read on the \u201cFeeding of Young Children,\u201d and copies of the \u201cCanadian Mother's Book,\u201d by Dr.Helen MeMurchy were distributed.Twenty-five dollars was voted to assist in School Fair Work, Two new members joined.MRS WSC ARMITAGE, Convenor, Publicity Committee, Devine the past month Women's Institutes of this Products to be Canned Vegetable Greens, Asparagus, Cauliflower, Spinach, Brussels Sprouts, Beet Tops, Swiss Chard, Kale, French Endive, Dandelion.utes.Preparations Blanch in steam from 15 to 20 min- Dip into cold.water.in convenient sizes.\u2018CANNING CHART Boiling Water Fill jars with boiling water, Add Cut 1 teaspoon salt to 1 pint jar.Pack tightly Tomatoes.Pfrowfjl Peas, String Beans, Lentils.Btt jl __ Season to taste.Scald long enough to loosen skins, 1 to 2 minutes.Dip quickly into cold water, core and skin.Pack whole.Blanch on cob from 3 to 5 minutes.Dip quickly in cold water.Cut from cob with sharp knife.Pack loosely.Cull, strong beans, shell peas, grade.Blanch from 2 to 5 minutes in boiling water.Pack whole.Cleanse thoroughly.Scald till skin Add m teaspoon salt to 1 pint jar.Fill jars with water or strained tomato juice.Fill jar with boiling water.Add m teaspoon salt to 1 pint jar.Fill jar with boiling water.Add m teaspoon salt to 1 pint jar.Fill jar with boiling water.Add m teaspoon salt to 1 pint jar.Fill jars with pot liquid reduced to one-half.Beets, Carrots.is loose.Dip quickly in cold water.Remove skins.Pack whole or ni _ cubes.10 el Mfe l Scald in boiling water 5 to 10 minutes.Chicken, Beef, etc._ Pack in jars.Fish.Clean thoroughly.Remove head and tail.Cut in pieces for packing.Fill jars with boiling water.Add m teaspoon salt to 1 pint jar.Quebec Women's Institutes.Steam Cooker .or in Boiling Processing With5 lbs.Water steam pressure outfit Steam cooker or hot water bath.120 minutes, except cauliflower, 60 minutes.Forty-five minutes, Steam cooker or hot water bath, 22 minutes.Twelve minutes.water Steain cooker or hot Ninety minutes.bath, 3 hours.Steam cooker or hot water Ninety ininutes.bath, 3 hours.Steam Cooker or\u201dhot water Forty-five minutes.bath, 90 minutes.Steam cooker or hot water Two hours.bath, 3 hours.Steam cooker or hot water Two hours.bath, 3 hours. CE wr AN The Permanence of Dairy Farming J.H.Alexander in \u201cHoard\u2019s Dairyman\u201d S a secure and permanent occu- A pation, none of the common forms of farming compare with dairying.Still, many dairymen have regarded the future of the industry with doubt.Falling prices during the past few months have led them to wonder and worry regarding their heavy investments in live stock, land, buildings, and machinery.Let them consider the following seven reasons why dairying is the most permanent form of farming.We could give more, and will gladly do so if called upon, but seven always was a lucky number with us.Besides.we rest assured that seven reasons will more than remove the last vestige of doubt from the mind of any farm reader.First\u2014Milk and miik products are absolutely essential to life, health, and normal growth.This point is becoming better known year by year to our reading and reasoning publie; as a consequence the consumption of milk and milk products is steadily increasing.So is the use of substitutes, you may say, and you would be right.War prices and highly commendable patriotism popularized the use of substit- tutes.But none of the so-called substitutes, no matter how extensively advertised, dare meet pure milk products in open battle.Why?Because milk products contain vitamines, and vitamines are absolutely essential to normal health and growth.They are not found in appreciable quantity in other animal oils and in vegetable oils, and it is these oils that form the base of all substitutes on the market.Second\u2014During the past five years our population has increased seven per cent; milk consumption has increased ten per cent in the same period, What do these indisputable facts promise for the future?The population of the country is increasing rapidly and history will show that it has been on the steady increase for the past century.Immigration and the natural increase through births assure further growth.Education in child welfare and general health insists on milk for the growing child.Therefore we may ex- peet to see milk consumption increase far more rapidly and markedly in the next generation than in the decade just ended.What could be a more promising guarantee for the future than an ever increasing and extending market.Third\u2014Dairy products are a source of regular and reliable profit.The market for dairy products has never been controlled by a few; it never will be.Through co-operative cream- cries and cheese factories farmers can supply a staple, finished product, ready to be disposed of direct to the ultimate consumer if necessary.This in a sense makes possible the climina- tion of thy middleman, and has been used by farmers where it was found that the \u201csplit\u201d in profits was going against them.Once a month, twice a month, or even every week or day in some cases, the dairyman receives payment for the work his cows have done for him\u2014and cows don\u2019t work on an eight-hour day basis either.Thus the dairy farmer is enabled to pay cash for things he buys and is free to \u201cstand from under\u201d when hard times threaten.The fact that rural Wisconsin is letter situated financially right now than any of the Corn Belt states proves the truth of this point.Fourth Dairying and diversified farming are onc and the same.Diversified farming produces a variety of crops for market; a failure of any one or two does not mean bankruptey for the farmer.The dairyman does \u2018Belt where wealth not have \u201call his eggs in one basket\u201d.Contrast this condition with the Corn is measured in terms of corn, hogs, and steers.This year has seen the \u201cbottom drop out\u201d of the market for the three things he produces\u2014commodities he has always considered as legal tender.As a consequence there is no money in circulation, farmers are not able to meet their obligations, farm sales made a year ago at high prices are failing through, and banks are unable to assist farmers by making loans.In Wisconsin, primarily a dairy state, conditions are much better in spite of decreased prices.Banks are still able to take care of the needs of farmers, and farmers seem to be able to \u201cscare up the cash\u201d with which to meet their debts.Why?Because diversified farming with the timely aid of dairy dollars can meet and is successfully meeting the emergency.Fifth\u2014The dairy herd conserves and even increases soil fertility, assuring good yields of farm crops in future years.At the same time the herd provides a sure, prompt, and profitable outlet for grains and roughage grown on the farm.Land that supports good dairy herds becomes richer year by year, whereas land devoted to raising grains and hay for market soon becomes sadly depleted unless carefully managed and unless commercial fertilizer is purchased.Every ton of corn sold off the farm, worth in normal times about $20.00, takes with it $6.50 worth of plant food ; every ton of wheat worth $35.00 takes $17.00; every ton of butterfat worth about $1,000.00 takes away only 49 cents worth of plant food ! Meanwhile the herd is returning many times this amount in fertility.It pays to market crops in the milk can.Keep these facts in mind when you haul away your next load of oats or hay.Sixth\u2014Our biggest and most successful dairymen, with years of practical experience to back up their statements, say, \u201cThe dairy crop is the only one which has never known a complete failure\u201d.They base this statement on a few simple facts.In the first place dairying is more quickly adjustable to new conditions and prices than any other kind of farming.We can easily see why.Field crops are marketed once a year, and the price is forced down\u2014temporari- ly-\u2014because of the overload of any single crop on the market.The marketing period is not distributed.To purposely hold for higher prices means to wait for the money tied up in the crop.Not so with the dairyman.He markets his \u201ccrop\u201d every day, or every few days at most, and is paid once or twice a month or oftener.His returns no doubt do vary in times such as the present when all THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE lines of industry are being readjusted, but a few months of low prices do not condemn the industry.The reasoning farmer notes a drop of 15 to 25 per cent in milk prices.then compares this to the drop of corn from $1.50 per bushel to around 60 cents, and pork from 23 cents to 9 cents, He figures his average earnings for the last two years and is satisfied.He knows that no business is entirely free from ups and downs; he also knows that none are more highly favored than dairying in this respect.Seventh\u2014The dairy cow is a home builder.Farming, no matter how profitable, never reaches the position of dignity which is its heritage until the farm home becomes so attractive that it is the greatest pride of the entire family, something to be handed down from generation to generation.The growing boy or girl does not look forward with pleasure to the time when they will inherit a mort- gage-ridden, impoverished ruin.They do thrill at the thought of a farm both fertile and fair, stocked with the blood left as the breeders\u2019 handiwork of father and grandfather.The dairy herd always has stood and always will stand as a symbol of permanence for the good farm, the real farm home, the farm from which the boys are not easily attracted to the job in the city nor the girls lured ERE\u2019S a good, sturdy timepiece that'll go through any old job with you and won\u2019t need pampering.Pocket Ben is built for hard work and won't shy at an overall pocket or a work shirt.Men who work out-doors and want to get full measure from every daylight hour, like Pocket Ben.He has a double-back case that keeps out dust and dirt and helps him deliver everv min- Lo Westclox \u2014that'\u2019s Big Ben's family name Pocket Ben requires no coddling Western Clock Co., Limited, makers of Westclox Peterborough, Ontario ute of good timekeeping the Westclox people build into him, It's a good feeling to have a watch like that for the heavy duty Jobs on the farm.No use exposing your high- priced watch to every-day hardships and inviting big repair bills.Look up Pocket Ben at vourdealers.He represents a lot of good timekeeping at a vervreasonable price-$2.50, ~ THE GILSON SPREADER Insures a Record Crop The Gilson is the lightest draft spreader.- A Marvellously efficient new propeller distrib- A utor\u2014spreads evener > and wider.Lowdown and loads high.Write for free book and easy payment plan today.GILSON MFG.CO LTD., Dept.D 14 GUELPH on dog- TREATISE 31.2%; and how to feed them Sent free by author to your address.H.Clay-Glover Co.Ine, 118 West 31st Street New-York, U.S.The first American remedy for dogs.The Bronchial and Respiratory Troubles cured with J.B.MORIN\u2019S sA Gold Mine on Your Farm The Hylo Sylo is built for the discriminating buyer.Long-Leaf Yellow- H Pine\u2014stronger thanoak, It has many patented features of supreme importance.Write for our handsome illustrat- § ed book on silos and silage\u2014it\u2019s free, THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE ISSUED MONTHLY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OF THE PROVINCE OF QUEBEC For rates of Advertisements, address THE CANADA PUBLISHING CO.Limited, 73 St.James St.- Montreal.Does Your@ranite Dish Hot Water Bag Leak ?== or Di => No solder, cement or rivet.Anyone cs them, fit fy surface, two miltion in use.Send $ Ru COMPLETE PAC ASSORTED SIZES, 25C., POSTPAIN Agents wanted.Collette Mig.Co, Dept S Collingwood, Ont.| rei Below nol be We 8 oem \u2014\u2014aiqe me on sm \u2014\u2014 one nier THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE away to the office.The truth of these rather strong statements may be severely attacked.They may raise a lusty howl of dissent and disapproval from the fruit farmer and from the grain grower; the corn and hog raiser of the corn belt may cuss us and threaten bodily harm.But we are in possession of facts and proofs sufficiently strong and numerous to refute any arguments they may advance.Top Prices for Market Milk The Philadelphia Producers\u2019 Peace- fui Plan ILK producers\u2019 associations the country over turn to the \u201cCity of Brotherly Love\u201d for a lesson in the peaceable handling of market milk difficulties.The record of the Inter-state Milk Producers\u2019 Association with headquarters at Philadelphia is notable proof that milk can be marketed successfully without \u201cwar\u201d and with very little of \u201crumors\u201d of war.Wherever milk producers meet to discuss their selling problems, the Keystone metropolis is held up as an example to be emulated.\u201cIn Philadelphia\u201d, it is commonly said, \u201cproducers and distributors work together without friction.The price to the farmer is high, the dealer\u2019s margin is small, and the cost to the consumer, low\u201d.A closer acquaintance with conditions than most of these commentators have, reveals the fact that, though selling difficulties are not unknown in the Inter-state Milk Producers\u2019 Association, its officers have been strikingly far-sighted in their policies and broad minded in their relations with the distributors and consumers.The Inter-state Milk Producers\u2019 Association was organized in 1916 as a successor to the Milk Shippers\u2019 Union which has existed for seventeen years.At the meetings of this old organization the members and officers talked, settled upon a price, and went home\u2014having no facilities for forcing the market in line with the price agreed upon; or for improving produe- tion or suiting it to the market.Since 1916 the Inter-state Association has grown to a membership of 12,500 ; 9,000 in Pennsylvania, 1,400 in Maryland, 1,400 in New Jersey, and 700 in Delaware.It has 217 local organizations and sells to 780 dealers.Besides the milk supply of Philadelphia, it sells principally to Harrisburg, Reading, Allentown, West Chester, Wilmington, Altoona, and Camden and Trenton.The association is financed by a one-cent deduction for each 100 lbs.of milk, which is made by the dealers to whom the farmer sells.The first real strength of the producers\u2019 organization came with the appointment and subsequent investigations of the Tri-state Milk Commission, of which Dr.Clyde L.King was chairman.The first findings of this commission gave the producers\u2019 case so favorable publicity that the dealers discredited in the price controversy asked for an investigation.Later Dr.King was appointed milk expert for the Food Administration of Pennsylvania.At first the dealers refused to confer with the farmers but later joined with them in asking for Dr.King\u2019s appointment as arbitrator in milk price discussions, a position which he now fills in Philadelphia, Pittsburg, and Baltimore.Especially fortunate for the producers from the beginning of the association was the election of F.P.Willits as president and the appointment of R.W.Balderston as secretary, which positions they have held continuously to the present time.Thoroughly conversant with the factors controlling milk prices, they have represented the farmer in the best possible manner.Perhaps the strength of this producer organization is well indicated by its ability to maintain an 8-cent f.o.b.Philadelphia price this season when milk in carload lots from outside points has been offered at prices materially lower.STABILIZING PRICES A study of milk prices for the ten- year period ending in 1916 shows that producers in the Philadelphia district received a slightly lower price than those in the New York, Chicago, and Pittsburg districts in January and December and a higher price in May, June, and July, Inasmuch as more milk is sold during the summer months the Philadelphia market for the year averaged with or above that in other cities.The Inter-state Milk Producers\u2019 Association, with the representatives of other milk interests, have agreed that a stabilization of prices throughout the year is beneficial to the industry.In order that stabilizing prices, by holding down values in times of shortage and keeping them up somewhat in times of surplus, might not tend to encourage summer dairying at the expense of winter dairies, a surplus plan has been put in use.THE SURPLUS PLAN In October, 1919, an agreement was entered into which divided the product into fluid milk and manufacturing milk and defined what should be called surplus.The quantity of milk delivered by a preducer in October, November, and December, 1919, was taken as the basic quantity to be sold throughout the year except in May, June, and July, when it was agreed he could deliver 1109% of that quantity at market milk prices, and in August, 105%.All milk over that quantity, which average 12 to 15% of the total production, was to be sold on the basis of its butter fat at 120% of the price of New York 92-score butter.For example, if a producer marketed an average of 2000 lbs.of milk daily throughout the three months, October, November, and December, 1919, and his milk totalled 3000 lbs.in the following June, he could sell 110% of 2000 lbs.or 2200 lbs.at fluid prices and the remaining 800 lbs.at manufacturing prices.If butter averaged 50 cents for the month he would receive 120 per cent of $.50 or $.60 per BVI pound for surplus fat or $2.40 per hundred pounds of 4 per cent milk for the 800 lbs.Under this agreement the price announced monthly as \u2018subject to change whenever warranted by market conditions\u201d is continued until changed in a conference which may be called by distributors, manufacturers, or producers.As an illustration, the price list published for February, 1921, and which is in operation through May specifies that 3.5 per cent market milk f.o.b.Philadelphia is worth $3.48 per 100 lbs.or 7.6 cents per quart.The price on surplus is 5.6 cents per quart.Knowing the quantity of milk he can sell as fluid, the producer easily calculates his return from the milk he sells.A charge of 23 cents per 100 lbs.is allowed for running the country receiving station.This, in addition to the freight charges, is deducted from the f.o.b.Philadelphie price.A comparison of Philadelphie milk prices with those in Chicago and New York is illuminating.The 1919 average for 3.5 per cent milk in Philadelphia was $3.88 per hundred and in Chicago and New York, $3.60 and $3.71 respectively.In 1920, New York Chart of Recommendations for AUTOMOBILES How to Read the Chart T HE Correct Grades of Gargoyle Mobiloils for engine lubrication are specified in the Chart below.A means Gargoyle Mobiloil \u201cA\u201d B means Gargoyle Mobiloil \u201cB\u201d E means Gargoyle Mobiloil \u201cE\u201d Arc means Gargoyle Mobiloil Arctic These recommendations cover all models unless otherwise specified.Different grades of Gargoyle Mobiloils are recommended for summer and winter use.This Chart is compiled by the Vacuum Qil Company's Board of Automotive Engineers and con- titutes a scientific guide to Correct Automobile Lubrication.If your car is not listed in this partial chart, consult the Chart of Recommendations at.your dealer's, or send for booklet, *\u201c Correct Lubrication, \u201d which lists the Correct Grades for all cars.11 wes & Tons 0 ¥ LLIN! : i 3 i NAMES OF AUTOMOBILES AND M UCKS > Summer > Summer 22 winter Summer = >$>5> > >R>5x> >3 ¥ > x Li EY >: »22233 Winter > : Rx>5>5>5: > Summer = x 7 5 I>3> :>Ù 3 > = PF» x a CE ais = a A R = > wi > > = 3 > = xx > EEE : > = TEE > = LT ven = F>m > a>M7 = :aa>mR FE 3>m3:; Sow armg > >>\" > > >> BE» Muéson Super Six.30 AF Ober Modes = >m > >> >>I» > >> >55> > IST = roi STE > 8 = ex»x>5>5 = F>} = a = >>3>5 Mercer.Mitchell (6 x mx: 9 = =.FE.= 7 = All Other Mode National {6 cylinder) 2° 49 Netion +1 fable wy Oaklane inder) | 427 Sl Ceber Models Od Hickory veer Oldsmobile (§ cylinder) ; SO 6 cylinde « Hinde Fx>}>»>>>; 5.= 5 > Te ES = > = > x55> = FEST ESSN > > = aay TEL.x Fx>3: >> >> 3 = ?= = > 2 = à > Înx >> = >>> SEE 33>5>3 > >x3=ax a = = = = >> >>; FR = m3: \u2014~\u2014 -\u2014\u2014 Lx 21 >>a>>m>FM>: >> > = = = Templar.Uniged (Grag HESS.> >3 aHD33>aDSWa ME SDS 2 >EZE: F>>2>>>> : = »»3! 33>.= 3 = = 2>5 Fn>F: 252; 21 >x>>>0>: = = 3 ss aa FE 3 : = à => re > A = 3 5 3 > > = a »3> 3 E>»aarm: x Nerina Hard-used Cars Where the Economy of using Gargoyle Mobiloils stands out sharply HE harder a car works the quicker the driver | notices the cconomy of scientific Jubrication.Drivers of taxicabs and commercial cars soon find that scientific lubrication \u2018is more than a mere economy \u2014it is a business necessity.investment \u2014 They experience the following conditions which the passenger car driver may note to his own advantage: \u2014 er In traffic, low gear must be freely used.Unless the crank-case is filled with the correct lubricating oil, overheating \u2018is invited, no During waits, the engine frequently idles, On starting, the exhaust may smoke.The use of an incorrect oil exaggerates this smoke nuisance which in some places violates the law.The correct grade of Gargoyle Mo- biloils maintained at the proper level, gives maximum freedom from exhaust smoke.ce Taxicabs are run for profit.The correct grade of Gargoyle Mobiloils protects the user against undue repair bills and depreciation of Through the protection given at every friction point, and through the maintenance of a proper piston seal, Gargoyle Mobiloils nearly always show a reduced gasoline consumption.Only with scientific lubrie- ation ean the engine operate flexibly.By using the correct grade of Gargoyle Mobiloils drivers find that they minimize the need for gear shifting.lower gears adds unnecessarily to gas consumption, Mobiloils A grade for each type of motor OU may drive your car only a few days per week, or a few hours per day.But, quite as much as the commercial car owner, you surely want operating economy.The economies which Gargoyle Mobiloils show on hard- used cars are yours when you make the Chart your guide.This Chart is reprinted in part on the left.You will find the complete Chart on the walls of leading garages, auto supply stores and hardware stores, It is important for you to be sure that you use the grade specified for your car \u2018in the Chart In using an oil which is either lighter or heavier you only invite trouble and waste.Not only the body, but also \u2018its character determines its fitness for your car.Driving in à 3) We shall be glad to mail you à copy of our booklet on Automobile Lubrication.It contains the complete Chart of Automobile Recommendations.In writing please address our nearest Branch.IMPERIAL OIL LIMITED Marketers of Gargoyle Mobiloils in Canada BRANCHES IN ALL CITIES £ Ji led in the price secured for the producer, the year\u2019s average being $4.27 while $4.04 was paid in Philadelphia and $3.85 in Chicago.LOW MARGIN FOR DISTRIBUTION Philadelphia dealers enjoy a reputation for economical distribution which rivals that of the producers for \u201cpeaceable and successful selling of milk\u201d.They paid more for milk in 1919 than cither Chicago or New York dealers and yet undersold them, charging an average of 13.59 cents per bottled quart when Chicago dealers taxed the consumer 14.16 cents and the New York distributors collected 16.17 cents.In 1920 the Philadelphia retail price was lower than in the other two cities, being 14.25 cents against 14.8 cents in Chicago and 16.5 cents in New York.Considering that the Philadelphia price to the producer is high, the narrowness of the margin for distribution is striking.During the present season when the producer\u2019s price has been about 8 cents, the retail cost has been 13, leaving a margin of about 5.There are a number of reasons advanced in explanation of the fact that the milk man of the Quaker metropolis carries milk so cheaply from the producer to the back porches of the city.In the first place the city has been largely apportioned so that the different retailing companies cover their routes with a minimum of overlapping.Also, they carry large loads, each wagon taking 400 to 450 quarts at a trip as compared with 300 or even 200 in some cities.The narrow margin has given the bulk of the city\u2019s milk business to five large dealers, which leads to greater efficiency cf distribution than would be possible with a large number, each handling a small quantity.Since the In- ter-state Association came into operation the number of dealers in Philadelphia has been reduced from 700 to less than 300 and President Willits stated at the American Farm Bureau Federation dairy conference in Chicago, May 3, that the number will likely be still \u2018further reduced.ADVERTISING MILK .Conspicuous in the activities of the Inter-state Milk Producers\u2019 Association is its interest in work other than that directly involved in selling milk.It has an important part in dairy council advertising of dairy products, sharing offices with the Inter-state Dairy Council and contributing liberally to its support.Beginning with December, 1920, the producers authorized a deduction of one cent from the price quoted for 100 lbs.of milk, for advertising purposes.A $100,000 educational campaign is now underway, financed half and half by producers and distributors.Already results have been secured in increased consumption which the association hopes will cut down the percentage of manufactured milk to even less than the present 12 to 15 per cent.The Inter-state Association also serves its members by pointing out methods of bettering the market qual- THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE ities of their product.As an example, as early as March a campaign was begun this year to encourage the cooling of milk.Thus, the Inter-state Milk Producers\u2019 Association \u2014 which has never called a strike\u2014serves its members : It sells milk by satisfying the public and the distributors in conference; it equalizes prices throughout the year so far as possible; it defines market milk and manufacturing milk, and makes separate prices for the two; and it engages in any other work besides selling which will improve mar ket milk conditions.Through its activities it is a strong factor in making Philadelphia a city where \u201cproducers and distributors work together without friction, where the price to the farmer is high, the dealers\u2019 margin small, and the cost to the consumer low\u201d.\\ > \\ NW 3 \\ SSS° 5 AS WN AN \\ Cushions Rubbing Surfaces SV [FT as lightning the piston moves up and down the cylinder walls.can follow and coat the rubbing surface against wear and maintain a gas-tight seal.You can depend upon the right grade of Imperial Polarine tractor oil to give thorough cylinder It keeps up compression, saving It \"minimizes friction and wear on cylinder walls; in bearings and throughout the whole tractor mechanism.lubrication.both {fuel and oil.Check up on the Imperial Chart of Recommend- Make sure that you are using the correct grade of Imperial Polarine The regular use of the correct grade means less expense and less trouble, and more and better work from your tractor.ations at your dealer's.recommended.For best results, drain and flush crank-case every fifty working hours It is impossible to secure perfect lubrication when grit, sediment and diluted oil are left in the crank-case of your tractor.IMPERIAL OIL LIMITED Power ~- Heat - Light ~ Lubrication BRANCHES IN ALL CITIES or less.Only a good oil Kerosene Tractor Oil A dark colored heavy-bodied oil suit- ablefor kerosene and gasolinetractor engines.It protects rubbing surfaces from wear\u2014reduces friction\u2014 maintains full compression.Imperial Polarine Kerosene Tractor Oil Extra Heavy A dark red-colored rich oil of extra heavy body\u2014specially recommended for kerosene and gasolene tractor engines requiring an unusually heavy oil.Imperial Polarine \u201c\u2018A\u201d A dark red-colored oil of extra heavy body for air-cooled or water-cooled gasoline orkerosene-burningengines.Especially suitable for kerosene tractors and for motor cycles.= S mprmait KEROSENE TRACTOR EXTHA HEAVY ; Ol.EA Ted More are sold every year than any other.All sizes for use with engines from 3 HP to 20 HP.Send for THE WONDERFUL GILSON The Gilson Silo Filler is Supreme Itis the lightest running blower cutter made.pray ent oda Dept.C 4 GUELPH Kir 2 & \u201cBurlington\u201d | Steel || Protective Post =r Gives adequate protection for orchards, yards, or any farm property.Costs little more than standard \u201cBurlington\u201d = S ND >> NRE NN AMI Steel Fence Posts and / 0 É .has alltheir advantages 7, 7 (7 of ease in erection, | 7 strength and long life.7 | 2 Write for descriptive 7 À i 74 folder or ask your 7 7 dealer, ml A; = BURLINGTON PRODUCTS LTD.319 Sherman Ave.N.HAMILTON, CANADA The simplest, fastest cutting, .handiest and most convenient outfit on the market.Made-in- Canada, and sold at a price that will save you money.Light weight.Real one-man outfit.Adjustable force feed.Multiple disc clutch, Smooth.running counterbalanced crank.Sold complete or less engine, ready for you to put l your own 1!; to 3 HP on.Send to-day for illustrated, descriptive hacrature.and special, introductory Proposition.GILSON Mfg.Co.r.1a.148! York St.Guelph Ce?FTES) - Ea.Rte \u2014\u2014 \u2014\u2014 re wa DOR A se fn ES adi - | API NPP.AP \u2014\u2014\u2014 va Wo ll \u2014 re THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 1XE HOME CANNING IS EASY With a \u201cUTILITY\u201d Apparatus Not a \u201cnew proposition \u201d \u2014 === but a perfect apparatus, tried moi AL EN MOTS and proven in thousands and thousands of homes, to can fruits -and vegetables profitably, without trouble and under much better conditions than ever.The apparatus is made in four different sizes.A child can operate it.It costs very little and pays for itself easily the first year.3 ys it 1 tu We supply tins, labels, etc., at lowest market prices, and we guarantee the sale of all your surplus production.We co-operate with you from beginning to end of all your canning operations so as to insure the fullest measure of success.Write for conditions, booklets and any information.Do not delay.The demand for the \u201cUTILITY\u201d is always enormous.Home Canners Association Limited 314 Notre Dame East, MONTREAL Agents wanted everywhere.foney Down onMr.Edison'sNewPhonograph NV THIS wonderful New Edison Diamond ED) Amberola\u2014Mr.Edison\u2019s great new phonograph à with the Diamond Stylus Reproducer, and 12 brand 3 new Blues Ambero\u2019 Indestructible 4-Minute Records sent to you on absolutely free trial.Now on this offer, you can have the finest and best that money can buy at a price very much less than that which imitations of the genuine Edison Amberola are offered.Seize this opportunity., Catalog Free! Get our New Edison catalog, Your name and address on a post card or letter is enough.Fin out about this offer \u2014 while this offer lasts.F.K.BABSON, Edison» Phonograph Dists.Dept.29 311 King St.East 338 Portage Avenue TORONTO, ONT.WINNIPEG, MAN, OC Cn oO I I YT INT XK] A VIII TITI TIRE EAU TI JALAL LIT IE ILC AIT IE DIL XUONE MEET Worthy of Confidence HEN you buy a wagon you can examine only the surface.The actual quality of the material is hidden under the paint.In only one way can you be sure that a wagon has the quality of materials and grade of workmanship to stand up under heavy year-around use on the farm.That way is to buy a wagon bearing the name of a manufacturer in which you may place complete confidence.The name Chatham International never goes on to a wagon that is not up to the highest International standards in both material and construction.Wherever the Chatham International is used, farmers have learned to depend upon it for seasoned strength, durability and light running.It is made to stand the test of vears of service.Buy the old reliable Chatham International wagon and you will get the utmost value in satisfaction and service.Any International agent will be glad to show you this wagon and tell you about the material and workmanship used in its construction.INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF CANADA 110 HAMILTON CANADA AVESTERN RANCHES \u2014 BRANDON.WINNIPEG.MAN.CALGARY EDMONTON LETHORIOGE, ALTA.ES'EVAN.N BATTLEFORD.REGINA SASKATOON.YORKTON, SASK.EASTERN GRANCHLES - HAMILTON LONUONH OTTAWA ONT.MONTREAL, QUEBEC.QUE.ST.JOKN MB, : BANKING INFORMATION \\W/HENEVER you are in need of information in regard to banking, you should consult the Local Manager of the BANK of MONTREAL ESTABLISHED OVER 100 YEARS Head Office: Montreal Total Assets in Excess of $500,000,000 = ® LJ ® 4 3 QU 4 bd 4 e = LU PS = * pA - = Lu [J = ® [J = LU e - 2 [ - ES LA ° = = ® = ® > - = LJ ® - ® [J = = |] I OO I OO TOC TOI TINT Investment You are deeply interested in the increase production of your farm.You must then keep yourself well posted as to the best means to do it.The Journal of Agriculture gives valuable information in every issue, it cost only $1.00 per annum.ir Ir ye CI Ou: AUC IE AUC UL UL TIE J IE TIE FNS HOHIGINSGIHSIHSIHIMIUSHNISISIHIINGINS ISI TT ee ee ETI 52 RE 4 \u201cime MADE IN CANADA co\" [BN il Ce bee, ç = » - 1 \u2019 READY MIXED especially made iE, fi th k = poe OF The Farm plats AINTING, though it gives the greatest protection to build- Economy is a Quality Paint at a Reasonable ings and is certainly worth Price, Use it and save your time, your while.is at the same time hard work, \"°° and your buildings.But it requires no greater effort to LET US MAIL YOU FREE COLOR CARDS put on good paint than to put ON so that you can choose a good color scheme ordinary paint.In fact it is easier.for your house, barn or outbuildings in the Remember this.Use Economy Paint quiet of your own home.for your next job.It spreads even- These color cards on Economy Paints, Long- .ai : wear Barn Paints and Sterling Shingle Stain, ly and casily and has great COVETINE we will send you absolutely free of all cost capacity.It gives durable protec- or obligation.Simply fill in and mail the tion far a great number of years, coupon below.It is here for your conveni- end te ai : olors.ence.orwar to our branch nearest you end is obtainable in all c and they will in turn mail you the color cards.CANADIAN OIL COMPANIES __ 0._ oo.LIMITED 8 | 1 To CANADIAN OIL COMPANIES, LIMITED.Branches: Toronto, London, Montreal, Quebec, St.D Nearest Jehn, Halifax, Winnipeg, Regina, I Branch _.ocreceneneaveneerceeneneennnenamenssrensensarseneescansers Saskatoon, Edmonton, Calgary.i Send me without obligation, your \u20ac PF a MY paint and varnish color cards.LEE NO ; | NAME esos seers reprenne RE ADY-MIXED I STREET or RR.PALER T P POST OFFICE.PROVINCE.pry B (J.A.8) xa THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE NS 4 à i | | ILA cu C2 A Beds Built for Sleep Cost no more than - ordinary beds HE housewife, with her buying thrifty habits, is quite justified in asking the cost of putting Simmons Beds all over the house.The cost in dollars and cents is no more (probably even /ess) than she willingly spends for any other permanent improvement in the family comfort and well-being.She cannot insure her family, guests, and dependents sound, healthful sleep for less.While she is doing it\u2014every room shared by two persons should have | Twin Beds.One sleeper does not disturb the other, or communicate colds or other infections.Look at Simmons Beds, Springs and Mattresses at your Dealer\u2019s Or write us.We will arrange for you to see Simmons Metal Beds, Cribs, Day Beds, Springs and Mattresses.Each marked with Simmons name and Buslt for Sleep.Here are the He will show you Simmons Beds in the beautiful Simmons Mattresses are sanitary\u2014 built four styles Period Designs.Built of seamless Square Steel of pure, clean, new cotton.Sealed in carton roll in £ fi .Tubing with the noiseless Pressed Steel Corner the Simmons sun-flooded work-rooms.Four styles of fine, sanitary Locks.Your choice of Ivory White, Hardwood \u2014distinguished by Labels of different color.SIMMONS MATTRESSES effects and Decorative Colors.FREE BOOKLETS ON SLEEP! \u2014 Write us for Blue Label \u2014$35 Simmons Springs \u2014 flat, resilient, restful; \u201cWhat Leading Medical Journals and Health Maga- in every way worthy to go with Simmons Beds zines Say about Separate Beds and Sound Sleep,\u201d and ord Lebel Tee so and Mattresses, \u201cYours for a Perfect Night\u2019s Rest.\u201d White Label\u2014§ 12.75 Find the name \u201cSimmons\u201d on every piece Factories : MONTREAL TORONTO WINNIPEG CALGARY VANCOUVER (LT TT CPU LIDS a