The Journal of agriculture and horticulture, 1 août 1907, jeudi 15 août 1907

[" - 22e EX.5 This | paper.is s \u2018published.by the, Depart.- Vo.11\u2014No 4 = oo 25 Dane ; Cireulation, 68, 150\u2014{ nas 63008\" BY cu \u201c1 THE PARM_ Notes by the Way: \u201cSeason favorable he to\u2019 the.farmers of \u2018the.Eastern Towriships; \u2018To \u201c the Butchers of Montreal ; Support.the Foetus ; Feeding - Molasdes to Dairy Stock; Mutton \u2018pro- \u201cduction ; How Weeds get.scattered ; Bad Weeds, P.Macfarlane on; Alfalfa: as a \u2018Fertilizer ; ; Regis- \u2018tration of French Canadian Horses ; Hay-Making; | Clipping .Alfalfa the first season; A remedy\u2019 for.Fly an, Æurnips ; The English.Cereal Crops; ete.en HOUSEHOLD MATTERS.\u2014Walls and\" Floors ; Ne = vel effect in.landscape gardening; Recipes.5.THE GARDEN .SAND ORCHARD.\u2014A plea- \u2018for .- Plumsi Rho dodendrof \u2018(Illust.); \u201cNature Studies; : - Teuisms; Orchards \u201cin.the, Sod; Why, Abpletrees\u2019.SE Ck | de; Mushroon Érowine.2 i gn Le I.\u2019 : \u2018 ve 1 >, I~ ,Ç \u2018THE DAIRY.Dairy Indiistry in the.Towhships ; WES ; ai a of a Advantages, of.thie Silo and AlfzMa for Dairynien ; se 0 - Pointers.40 Cheesemakers; Feeding.the Dairy Calf; « AE 4 À ie varient ot.Milk for Cities; Cheese Shrink-; age.En ES AS T Ea De TT RE a Le 681.; Lo ; , oe , LU Saas .Ce | ment of + Agzicuiure of \u2018the: \u2018Province ot\u2019 Ca 4 - 20 ; Las : LE \u20ac : SoS : THE HORSE.~The\u2019 Mare | to Breed tom ete, etes: 8 .ST EXHIBITION SHERBROOKE 22 \u201c 7 \u201cChampion Plough\u201d \u2014 MANUFACTURED BY \u2014 Beauvais, Bro.& Go., LAPRAIRIE, P.Q.We especially desire to attract the public\u2019s attention to our TWO FURROWS SULKY PLOUGH, which is altogether different from any at present on the manket, in that it begins and finishes the bed like an ordinary plough and sets off the soil whilst in operatjon.1t will plough a ditch of 6 to 11 inches wide and the depth of the ploughed soil can be regulated at will ; the plough can as easily be worked with one furrow as with two without deranging the horses as the draw falls in position, of itself, according to the miovement of the plough, its conductor not being disturbed from the seat as the arms and levers are at his reach., This plough is made from vhe best procurable steel and cast.& malleable iron : active agents wanted at once in every part of the Province of Quebec and Eastern Ontario.Write for price list Catalogues & Circulars.We cordially invite those wishing to \u2018buy to give our \u201c CHAMPION \u201d Plourh a trial, so that they may he convinced of the veracity of our statements.\u2018 > Office & Warehouse, No.41 Bonsecours St., Montreal ( Betiveen Notre-Dame and Craig Sis.) \u2018 GEO.BELANGER & CO., General agents, for the Province of Quebec.~ The chief reason you want: separator is to get more cream\u2014more money\u2014out of your milk.Of course you want to get the most, and you naturally want the separator that gets the most cream, GETS All the «AJ.CREAM Holds World's Record for CLEAN Skimming Marshfield, Vt., Feb.2, \u2018O7.I bought one of the\u2014 machines, but after running it a little while I found it was ÿ not skimming clean.- à [ha it tested at the (0 creameries here and stand this so exchanged it for one of the fi U.8S.machines, and {§% find that if I had given the other machine away 1 should have made money by so doing.Ilike the U.S.very much.Ë ALMON TUCEKER.The U.S 1: also the simplest, strongest, safest separator.Only two parts in the \u2018bowl\u2014easy to wash.Gears turn in oil and run surprising easy.Lasts for many years with ordinary care.2 NTI {RA MAKERS O L'YHIGH CLASS power.faction.Made in 5 sizes ; viz : inch and 15 inch.S.VESSOT & CO.- Let us tell you ALL abou\u2019 it.It's money in your pocke right away to know.Just write, \u201cSend me new Catalogue.No.110.\u201d The pictures tell the story.FREETO YOU, Write to-day, addressing the 6 VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO.Bellows Falls, Vt.= |! La Cie de Laiterie St-Laurent 10 | Place d\u2019Youville, Montreal, Que.Sales- ,men for factory sizes; also carty a full stock of extra \u2018parts for both factory and Dairy sizes.U, S.Separ- : ators.oe |! NEURALGIA \u2014 Positive, permanent cure : $1.00.A S.Way, Springfield, Ohio.The Champion Feed Mill Grinds fast and perfectly, using the minimum of \u201cGrinds all kinds of grain and other produce.We guarantee The Champion to give entire satis- 8 inch ; 9} inch; 11 inch ; 18 \u201c EZ Write for Catalogues and price.list.< \" Co \u201c JOLIETTE, Que.| pe The Secret of A BFAUTIFUL COMPLEXION Now Revealed FREE \u2018What beauty is more desirable than an exquisite complexion and elegant jewels.AN OPPORTUNITY FOR EVERY WOMEN TO OBTAIN BOTH, for a limited time only.The directions and recipe for obtaining a faultless complexion is the secret long guarded by the master minds of the ORIENTALS and GREEKS.This we obtained after years of work and at great expense.It is the method used by the fairest and most beautiful women of Europe.Hundreds of American women who now use it have expressed their delight and satisfaction.This secret is easily understood and simple to follow and it will save you the expense of Creams, cosmetics, bleaches and forever give vou a beautiful complexion and free your skin from pimples bad color blackheads, etc.It alone is worth tb vou many times the price we ask vou to send for the genuine diamond ring of latest design.We sell vou this ring as one small profit above manufacturing cost.The price is less than one half what others charge.The recipe is free with every ring.It is a genuine rose cut diamond ring of sparkling brillianev absolutely guaranteed, verv dainty.shaped like a NMe'-her with Tiffany setting of 12Kt.gol\u201d «hell, at vour local jeweler it would cost con- giderable more than $2.00.We mail vou this beautiful complexion recipe free when vour order is received for ring and $2.00 in money order, stamps or bills.Get vour order in before our supply is exhausted.This offer is made for a limited time only as a means of advertising and introducing our goods.Send to-dav before this opportunity is forgotten.T.C.MOSELEY, 32 East 23rd Street, New-York City To women for collecting names and selling our novelties, we FREE give BIG PREMIUMS, send vour name to-day for our new plan of BIG PROFITS with little work.Write to-day.Address C.T.MOSELEY, Premium department, 32 E.23rd Street, New-York City.D HESE are days of large operations on the farm.Some sort of power has become a necessity, There is almost an endless array of uses to which the power can be put.Every scason, in fact almost cvery day in the year, the farmer will have use for it, And when the power is once on the farm, he soon learns, if he did not know it before, that he can do things easier, more quitkly and more economically than he ever did before.But the farm power must be simple and dependable and as nearly self-operating as possible because the farmer is not expected to be an expert machinist.I.H.C.Gasoline Engines are made to meet these requirements in the fullest manner.Every engine carries with it the highest assurance a farmer can have of satisfactory service and right working.Whether you purchase the engine here shown or one of our various other styles and sizes of engines, you know you are getting an engine that is perfectly adapted to the use intended.You know that the engine is scientifically built on correct mechanical principles.You know that it is the product of workmen of highest skill operating with best procurable materials.You know that your engine has behind it the reputation and guarantee of a great manufacturing institution whose sole business is the making of machines for farm use.\u201cSimplicity and Efficiency\u201d is our motto in building these farm engines.Every one must do its part toward sustaining the reputation of the I.H.C.works.I.H.C.engines are made\u2014 Vertieal, in 2 and 3-Horse Power.Horizontal, both Stationary and Portable, in 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 15 and 20-Horse Power.Call on the International local agent and take the matter up with him or write nearest branch house for catalog and colored hanger illustrating and describing these engines EASTERN CANADIAN BRANCHES: London, Montreal, Ottawa, St.John, Toronto.INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY {Incorporated ama / ,OF AMERICA, cricasonsA.| a =f oO Where all else fails USE Kendall's Spavin Gure Bone Spavin, Ringbone.Spiint, Blood and Dog Spavin, Thoroughpin, Curb, Capped liock, especiaily if of long standing and obstinate\u2014will not yield to ordinary liniments or blisters.KENDALL\u2019S SPAVIN CURE is an cx/raordinary remedy that gives extraordinary results.It cures old, stubborn cases that many times veterinaries have given up\u2014takes away every sign of lameness\u2014does not scar or kill the hair\u2014and leaves the horse sound and smooth.BENITO, Man, Sept.'o6 \u201cI have used Kendall's Spavin Cure for 20 years\u2014 and it never failed me once.\u201d JOHN MCKENNA, Write for noted book \u2018Treatise On The Horse\u2014something worth knowing on every page.Sent free, $1.a bottle\u20146 for £5.Dm.B.J.KENDALL CO., - = Kendall's Spavin Cure is sold by dealers everywhere at 33 ENOSBURG FALLS, VERMONT.U.S A. MLD SAT Sn \u201c Lam NMR HL saenlle LARA diet So AGE Tolan nDe ae ky.TERMI Wh, hid AFL Mb, 05 Cured her Father's DrunKenness by a Simple Remedy.Saves her father frem a drunkard\u2019s grave.Pres sample of Sainaria Tasteless Prescription checks his drinking and leads to a complete cure.\u201cIt seemed a free sample treatment and that the remedy was tasteless and could be given secretly.I determined to y it, and, have been glad every da: since, The full treatmen which I gave him in his tea, ered him, and I am pleased to say he never touches whiskey now.How glad I am that I wrote you and how happy we all are together Mather says that he never have stopped g of his own accord.\u201d and pamphlet giving run Free Package particulars, testimonials and price sent in plain sealed envelope.Correspondence sacredly confidential.Address: THE SAMARIA REMEDY CO.30 Jordan Chambers, Jordan St, Toronto, Canada.+ NLY TEN CENTS to quickly introduce our fashionable jewellery catalogue.We send you this Ladies\u2019 14 K.Gold Filled Ruby set Ring.Lord's Prayer or initial engraved free, Send size, Shelby Jewellery Co.Mfg.Dept.Covington, Ky., U.S.A.Usual mountings are silver plated on steel.That's why they rust so quickly.Tudhope mountings are silver plated on BRASS\u2014and guaranteed rustless.Of course BRASS costs MORE than steel\u2014but brass helps to make Tudhope Carriages better for YOU.TUDHOPE No.27 isa very stylish, light running buggy\u2014built to withstand hard driving.Made with Concord body and side spring gear, Wheels are bolted between each spoke.Double bar dash rail and hub caps nickel plated on brass.Spindle seat furnished if desired.Full details in our catalogue, Write for free copy.THE TUDHOPE CARRIAGE CO., Limited - mA a mn x 3 | bY Se Tudhope Carriage Co., 336 Notre Dame St.East, - - ORILLIA, Out Montreal.Lair\u2019s Goal Oil Motor From 1 to 40 H.P.Our Engine is the most eco- pomical and practical one for all purposes On a farm: burns any kind or quality of coal oil which costs 50 p.c.cheaper than gasolime; there is no danger ; made so simply that anybody can run it.Send for our catalogue.PAUL LAIR Notre-Dame East St.Montreal, 828-633 3} Everywhere they = f ré THY VV VASA Threshing Machines == =the Best hee} AY .YN are introduced | 14 XEN AW Our tread powers are all supplied with our Datented Everlasting lag Irons which can be renewed at the low cost où £ cents each, Ask Tor our new catalogue which will explain you every advantages of these lag irons and the way they are made.Our Threshers are built in four.different sizes with cylinders of 24, 28.30 and 34 in.Our 34 in.cylinder thresher is on the market only since 3 years and is speciallv built to be worked by 6 Horse l'ower Engines.Since its introduction, it has heen supplied with all-modern improvements and is now a perfeet thresher.When required, we can furnish any of our machines with Bagger, Tailings Flevator and truck.We have always on hand a stock of full sweep and half circle power hav Presses.alto saw hanches and drag SAWS, Wanted good agents everywhere we are not already reprensented.J.B.DORE & FILS, Laprairie, Que.VV VAD MOA dy TT fe CANADA\u2019'S LEADING RIDING AND WALKING PLOWS Why not use the best when you can have it at the same price as an inferior article ?Below we show cuts of our No.7 and No.2 Riding Plows and our No.30 Beaver gang which are especially constructed for the Quebec farmer.Our No.7 Riding Plow is a general favorite in Quebec.It is LIGHT IN DRAFT, SIM - PLE IN CONSTRUCTION and EASILY ADJUSTED.Can be easily operated by two horses.Rolling colter supplied when required.Meet us at Sherbrooke Fair.Our No.2 Quebec Special is a double furrow Riding Plow fitted with long ge - neral purpose boards.We guarantee this plow as well as our all Riding Plows to do first class work and our double plows will do the work of two ordinary walking Plows.This plow won the gold medal at all the large Plowing matches, where it was entered last year.7 \\ COMPOUND LEVER WN Na STRAIGHTENING No.30 = Reet Le DUST PROOF HUB Our No.30 BeaverGang is a general purpose:gang which will do general purpose work in sod or stubble.This plow can be fitted with rolling colters when required.It is the highest and strongest gang on the market.We will exhibit our full line of plows at Sherbrooke Fair.While we manufacture a full line of walking and gang Plow, Harrows, etc., we have paid special attention to the production of our Riding Plows.These plows have no equal and we invite your ins- section.They are constructed under patents which are owned and solely controlled by us and which allow us advantages over other plows such as hightness of draft, simplicity of construction and easy adjustment.Any boy or girl capable of handling a team can do expert work, with our Riding Plows.Our Catalogue in either French or English will be mailed you upon request.\\ Address : THE PERRIN PLOW CO., LIMITED - Smiths\u2019 Falls, Ont.) TB owt i Ap hn D Soe bln ris lhe i Ar er ant sep CS 2 2 EA Salt that makes good cheese better \u2014 improves the flavour and the keeping quality.Salt that dissolves evenly, every grain salting the curd thoroughly \u2014 Windsor Cheese Salt \u2014acknowledged by cheese-makers throughout the length and breadth of Canada to be the very best obtainable.At all grocers'\u2014and costs no more than other brands.124 THE BEST SEPARATOR AND THE CHEAPEST he Fenix Separator Model for or 2 Cows Capacity : 90 Ibs.$15.00 Model K Model Capacity Price Capacity Price K 1, 1501bs,.830 |D 1, 4001lbs.$55 K 2.245 1bs 35 |D 2 b5ulbs ,.65 K 3 2851bs.40 [D 3.6601bs,,,.80 K 4, 801bs.45 |D 1, 10001bs.125 Agents wanted everywhere.Catalogue sent on request.J.de L.TACHÉ, St-H acinthe.A CHANCE TO MAKE MONEY I have berries.grapes, peaches and) apples two years old, resh as when picked.Do not heat or seal the fruit, just put it up cold keeps perfectly fresh and costs almost nothing.Last vear | sold directions to over 120 families in one week.As there are many people poor, like myself, I feel it my duty to give vou my experience, feeling confident anvone can make $100 around home in a few days.I will mail hottle of fruit and full directions to any of vour readers for 21 2-cent stamps, to cover cost of bottle, fruit, mailing, etc.Address Francis V.Turner.170 to 172 Eighth Avenue, New-York.Let people see and taste the fruit and vou should sell hundreds of directions at $1 each.1-5 WANTED NO Reliable agents to sell hardy Apple Trees, Currant, Raspberry.and Goose Berrv Bushes Ornamental Trees, Flowering Shruhs and Roses in the Province of Quebec.We positively guarantee our trees to be frost resisting in Quebec.The varieties we offer are recommended by the Government Experimental Farm autorities at Ottawa and are grown for our Quebec trade.Agent's Outfit free.Exclusive territory.Good pay weekly.Write now for terms to PELNAM NURSERY COMPANY, Toronto Ont.P.8S.\u2014 Special terms to local agents or those working part time.Old John Jones was a Dairyman, Who set his milk by crock and pan, Till he figured his loss\u2014 Then John said \u201c Waal, From this time hence its The DE 173-177 William St.0 NVANVANVAVAVANVANVANVANVAN THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO.+ + LAVAL Montreal.AAS VOVNVNVNVNANVNVANVAVANVANANVAN ENVOY NTN The Most Satisfactory Roofing For Country Houses Is Ruberoid If you can drive a nail you can apply Ruberoid Roofing.Ruberoid is put up in convenient rolls, containing nails, tin caps, and cement for seams.Ruberoid is fire resisting, lightning and weather-proof.It will not melt like tar, or corrode or rust like metal.Ruberoid is the original ready to lay roofing.It has stood unequalled for 15 years.Write us for booklet and samples of Ruberoid and we will tell you who sells it in your neighborhood.The Standard Paint Company of Canada, Limited, Board of Trade Building, Montreal, P.Q.Factories at Lachine Canal, P.Q.LockERBY & McComas, Selling Agents for Ontario and Quebec, 2 ÿ give us represented.Waitham Watches Are Sure Watches.the low price of During August we offer them at 85.00 in a nicelv engraved Case.Or the name of your nearest Express Office, will send them C.O.D Agents wanted in every locality subject to vour Approval.Reliable where we are not vet LEGER L.HARDY & CO.ST.BASILE, Que. + > re > + > y + 2 2 > + ) + J AucusT 15th., 1907 The Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture \u201cThe Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture\u201d is the official organ of the Council of Agriculture of the Province of Quebec.It is isgued bi-monthly and is designed to include not only in name.but in fact, anything concerned with agriculture and Stock-Rais ing, Horticulture, etc.All mattersrelating to thereading columns of the Journal must be adressed to Arthur R.Jenner Fust, Editor ot the *\u2018 Journal of Agriculture and Horticulture.\u2019 4 Lincoln Ave: Montreal.Forrates of advertisements, etc, address the Publishers THE CANADA PUBLISHING CO.Ltd.73 & 75 St, James St., Montreal.$1.00 per Annum payable in advance! The Farm NOTES BY THE WAY Subscription : From what we can gather, the season,up to the present date, (August 5th), seems to have been pretty favorable to the farmers of the Eastern Townships, though of course the present run of cold nights cannot be very suitable to the earing of the grain.As for dairying, that seems, from the reports received from trustworthy sources, to have been even more successful than last year, at least in the counties of Huntingdon, Châteauguay, and Beauharnois ; A pity some good share of the present \u2018\u2018copious infiltration\u2019 of emigrants cannot he arrested on their road to the West, for, from all we hear, labour is none too plentidul in this province.The harvesting of fall-sown wheat began in Alberta on the 2nd of August, about the same date as that on which the same operation began in the Midlands of England.There are two very important points, well worthy of attention, in the sowing of wheat that has to stand our alternate frosts and thaws, in too many cases, in the spring, 1.e., the depth at which the seed is buried, and the time of sowing.The late Major Campbell, the \u2018well known Seigneur of St-Hilaire, grew, regularly, every season, fall-wheat on his farm in that parish, and we remember well, helping two of his sons to measure-up a lot of it in one of his barns (in about 1866 ), the yield of which was, to the best of our recollection, 38 bushels to the imperial acre, the straw measuring all but 6 feet high ! Is there any reason why the same thing should not be done now, on the land in that district ?In three points the sowing of fall-wheat differs from the sowing of other, or spring-wheat ; it requires less seed to the acre, should be buried deeper, and the land may be left in a rougher state ; If 2 or 2 1-4 bushels are required in the spring ; Six pecks will answer very well in the fall.Sowing broadcast on the unbroken furrow may do in the spring, but, in the fall, the seed should be buried at least 3 1-2 inches deep, either by the drill, or hy ploughing it in with a very shallow furrow.When ploughed in, fall-wheat requires no harrowing after the seed is buried ; the seed will come up between the furrows, and if, when the land is dry RY meade er + dig a ody, x CoB 14 ARETE SN WE ERX i x LW 84 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTUK in the spring, a couple of tines of the harrows are given, no more cultivation will be required except the passage of a good heavy roller, a few days after the harrowing, to \u2018firm\u2019 the soil about the roots of the vouny plant.If any one will dig-up a deep-sown wheat- plant and compare its roots with those of a plant growing only just under cover of the soil, he will see at a glance why the former is less easy to be drawn out of the land by the alternate frosts and thaws of the spring than the latter.Do not postpone the sowing of wheat in the fall after the 15th of this month\u2014if you try it.* A sad thing, indeed, is the damage done to the fruit in the Ste-Catharine country.Not only will there be no peaches, to speak of, but the very trees seem to have been destroved ! * Could not Montreal butchers be persuaded to hang their freshly killed lambs, &c., in the ice-house for two or three days before sending the joints out to the customers 7 We have not tasted a slice of tender lamb since early last spring ! M SUPPORT THE FOETUS It is not all da rving to vet a big return from the pail.There is a calf to be raised as well.Not long since, we heard at a dairy convention, a man boasting that he fed no grain to his cows.All they got was ensilage and timothy hay.ile said he would\u2019t feed grain if he had it : he could make milk much more cheaply his wav.Not long after, we heard him inquiring very anxiously about some remedy to prevent calves from dying off.Ile sald his calves came weak and did not live long.At first he thought it was due to the sire, but a change of sires did not help it any.We then told him of our experience in feeding brood sows on alfal- fa during the time of their gestation.He was quite interested and inquired what effect the alfalfa had.We explained that the sow was called on to construct a number of little bodies.In their structure, they are almost entirely made up of protein.The mother cannot make strong bodies, made up as they are of protein, unless she is viven an abundance of protein to do it with.Tt is the same with the cow.If she could have all the fresh grass she needed, that would be protein enough.But the man who does not vive her protein enough to make what casein she must put in her milk and also to build up the body of her unborn calf, does not see this question of nutrition in its right light.He said he would think it over.We suvgested that he might find it to his interest to read some paper that treated on those subjects.\u2014 Hoard.#* FEEDING MOLASSES TO DAIRY STOCK Hoard\u2019s Dairyman.\u2014 As a new reader and admirer of vour paper and being strongly of the opinion \u2018that we dairymen and stockmen ought to help each other all we can by giving our experiences and answering queries through the medium of the dairy papers, and nothing a query in a recent issue \u2018re\u2019 the use of molasses for dairy stock.I herewith give an account of its use in the old country where it is used extensivelv both as a medicine and as a food.It is largely used in the syrup form as a substitute for salts (dose 2 to 4 lbs.) as there is a widespread opinion amongst up-to-date stockmen that salts has a prejudicial effect upon the flow of milk and in fact, salts are given when we wish to dry a cow off quickly.Ttis a used as a food in the form of a meal and a good food it is up to a certain point, but if fed to excess it causes a distinct flavor of molasses in the milk.I had one such case come under \u2018my notice whilst managing a creamery and THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 85 upon visiting farm found they were using about 8 lbs.per day, but upon reducing amount \u2018to 4 lbs.all ill effects ceased and should therefore advise intending users not to exceed that amount.I must also express my sincere- approval of the sentiments in paragraph on stanchions, and as a stockman who has always been taught to study the comfort as well as the cleanliness of his charges, I can see no good in them except for firing, and it is painful to me to see heavy in calf cows making several attempts and straining for all they are worth to regain their feet in their cramped, smoothfloor- ed stalls ; it is no wonder to me that abortion is so prevalent out here.The sooner {farmers cease to treat their cattle like automatic machines and measure all their standing and lying positions to fractions of an inch ond treat them like the highlv organized and sensitive beings they are, the better for the cattle and the better for the farmer\u2019s banking account.\u2014 English Dairyman, Quebec.»* MUTTON PRODUCTICN While good breeding is of great importance in our sheep.as well as all other classes of live stock, to determine the profit or loss in growing them, proper feeding is equally essential, from birth of lamb to market, or during the first year, as this is the important time to determine its value or future usefulness to its owner.However, all food does not go to growth ; there must be the food of support, and it is onlv the surplus given that can be assimilated after this vital necessity has been supplied that goes to take growth, flesh and fat, in any young animal.When the food supplied is only sufficient for maintenance in an animal, there is no gain in weight, simply for the reason that nothing to make growth or weight has been furnished.This explains why lambs, or any young animals, do not make proper growth, and, like lost time, the loss from this cause can never be regained ; therefore it is an undisputed fact that judicious and generous feeding is the very foundation or basis for early maturity and profit in growing sheep or any other class of live stock.\u2014Witness.* HOW WEEDS GET SCATTERED The importance of the invasion of new weed pests with seeds brought from other States is fully explained in a bulletin published by the Iowa station.During \u2018the year 1906 about four hundred samples of clover, alfalfa and timothy seed were sent in to the station by farmers from all parts of the State to be tested for adulteration, impurities and vitality.Seeds of dodder, Canada thistle, fox-tail, sheep sorrel, dock and plantain were somie of the impurities revealed.The average germination of the alfalfa samples was fifty- seven percent.Timothy seed on the market shows that the status of this seed is very low also, the percentage of plump-ap- pearing seed being close to sixty-four per cent.Of one hundred and thirty samples of clover examined only two percent were found to be pure, the average impurity heing about two percent.\u2014Witness.\u2014 Bad Weeds To the Editor of the Journal of Agriculture.Dear Sir, While making a tour through several counties on the South Shore of the St.Lawrence a short time ago, I was struck with the great and increasing quantities of noxious weeds, growing not only in the grain fields but in the pastures and hay fields as well.The ox eved daisy seems to be increasing faster than any of the other kinds of weeds.Couch grass, or Chien Dent (dog\u2019s tooth ) as it is called in French, I do not think is quite so bad as usual this Conard citae ful IRS BA A 7 ak 1500 TR A a gem Van a SN STR PV amet mn tarte ur.4 trap Spt 3 WY not, MLLER TET Fg 86 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE vear, perhaps the season being drv and cold was not adapted for a vigorous growth of it; however, there is plenty of it left.so that we shall not want for seeds and roots to propagate the crop for the future.Sweet clover holds as abundantly as usual, | tradition about this plant, that it was imported as a flower in the first instance.to the banks of the St.Lawrence, and now it has spread.In out about have heard a had and noxious Nova Scotia thev have another dangerous pest, which was broueht out also from Europe in the same manner as our sweet clover, as a flower, with this difference this pest is a posoinous plant, and cattle have died of it; the Department at Ottawa instigated an experiment and have established the fact that cattle fed on this weed will after a short time die.The name of this bad weed is ray- wort, and known to most people in Nova Scotia as Stinking Willie.\u201cThe weed has a vellow blossom not unlike the flower of the dandelion.Some philanthropic persons have offered a sum of money to be given as prizes to the school children for those who can pull or eut the most of this weed.Would it be worth while 1 wonder for someone to offer prizes for the destruction of our bad weeds ?T noticed that St.L.& À.R.R.had cut the sweet clover alone both sides of the track from Cauchnawava to Chateauguay.1 think it was two vears aco I wrote an article complainine about the railway not cutting the bad weeds along their line of railway, whether mv article had anything to do with it T am not in a position to say, but the Company deserves praise and credit for their action this would erow more hoed crops, buckwheat ete.they would put down the bad weeds to a creat extent.The worst fields could be summer-fallowed occasionally, this would help the land to a great extent, and kill the weeds at the same time.If farmers were careful in buving and selecting their grass and vear.[If farmers to vear, and follow clover seeds, and then destroy all bad weeds before the seed matures they would have clean farms and good crops, which would be a lovely sight to behold; in- stcad of that, the wild mustard and the vellow buttercup interspersed with the white ox-eved daisy, make an unsivhtly appearance and make one feel somewhat sad to see such abundant crops of these noxious weeds orowing, instead of a good and wholesome crop of clover.How much more preferable for the poor despised cow a sweet bite of well clover hay in place of tons of these bad and wild weeds.Keep down the weeds show to vour neichbours that they can be overcome by persistent effort from year possibfy your good efforts may have a vood effect, and they too may vour vood example.Municipal Councils have the power under the Municipal Code to have all the people keep cured ~ their road sides in order, if they care to sce mence at home , weeds, it may onlv be an armiul, it done.So if the farmers will only and the Council does their duty.the thing would be overcome in a very short time.Keep it up and keep at it, is the only 1motto that will succeed.Why raise weeds in preference to good crops of hay and grain or even fruit and vegetables ?My old uncle used to make a compost conm- heap with potato-tops, weeds of all kinds, with an occasional pail of soap suds, and it is wonderful what a rich fertilizer and such a quantity too, if you throw all the waste on it, it does not seem much each day to through all the rhubarb leaves, anvthing in fact that is not useful for food for the cattle can be thrown onit, and as TI have already stated you will be surprised at the quantity of manure you will have.Try it and TI feel satisfied vou will not regret it.| Yours very truly, P.MACFARLANE.July 24th 1907. L THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 87 Alfalfa as a Fertilizer But few farmers understand what a fine effect alfalfa has on the soil especially if it is a stiff clay.Tt has the same effect also in the matter of increasing fertility that clover does.Some writers have erroneously stated that it is not as good in rotation as clover.In our own experience we have found it much superior to clover as a rotation crop.The only objection that can possibly be urged against it is the fact that it is hard to plow under, requiring three strong horses owing to the great strength of the roots.But this is an advantage when we come to think of the increased amount of humus thus added to the land.Another objection urged is that it is too valuable a money making crop to turn under until the farmer is obliged to.It is true that quite frequently five tons of fine hay can be taken from an acre.This is easilv worth $50.It would be a bumper crop of wheat, corn, oats or barley that would equal that sum per acre.But the first consideration with a very true farmer is the fertility of his land.He must not let that lessen under any circumstances, and so we advise the turning under of alfalfa when it has been down three years.An alfalfa sod should be plowed in the fall.It is a good idea to cut the fourth crop, oive the land a dressing of barn- vard manure and about 400 pounds of ground phosphate rock to the acre and turn it under.Plant the next spring with corn or potatoes.Alfalfa soil is a wonderful thing for potatoes.Then sow with barley the spring following and seed with alfalfa again, using 3 pecks of barley for the nurse crop.Run the alfalfa three vears more and turn under.This practice followed will give handsome returns in a cash crop and still increase the fertility of the land.It needs an occasional dressing with potash and lime as the plant is a very good consumer of both.Most western farmers have not yet come to an understanding of the use of commercial fertilizers, but it is time they gave the subject thought and consideration.\u2014Hoard.\u2014 Registration of French Canadian Horses IMPORTANT NOTICE The Department of Agriculture of the Dominion has recently opened a Record Book for French Canadian Horses.It has been agreed beteen the Hon.Minister of Agriculture and the French Canadian Horse Breeders\u2019 Association that, before being re-registered in the new government record, all horses already registered as French Canadian in the old records, be inspected anew and accepted by a Commission comprising MM.J.A.Couture & Arséne Denis representing the French Canadian Horse Breeders\u2019 Association,Robert Ness & Louis Lavallée representing the Department of Agriculture of the Dominion, Dr J.H.Vigneau veterinary surgeon.The government pays all expenses incurred for this new inspection.All is asked of the owners of horses already registered is to bring them to one the places, which will be mentioned in the itinerary of the Commission, and to produce thereto the old certificates of registration.The itinerary of the Commission will be published in the \u201c Journal of Agriculture\u201d during all the month of September next.Owners of horses not already registered, but which they think could be registered, may also present them to the Commission at one of the places mentioned in the itinerary.They will be registered if the Commission thinks it is advisable to do so.,( J.A.COUTURE, President of the Commission of Re-Inspection of French Canadian Horses 3%.Wt PE TEE EEE an oS.Sl RL ESP fy fe Ver RSS 88 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE Hay-Making As the hay-making season is drawing near, a word or two on the subject may not be out of place, especially as a prospective light yield makes it all the more important that the crop should be saved in the best possible condition.One of the commonest mistakes, especially early in the season when the hay is full of sap and consequently slow to cure, is to cut down too large a quantity at one time.lf the weather is favorable some of it gets too drv before it can be got under cover, and if the weather is showery some of it is sure to spoil.Another mistake, or rather a custom,that many still cling to.is the plan of coiling hay.[I consider \u2018this quite unnecessary, generally speaking.Some say that il you wish good hav you must cure it in the During the past thirty years the in saving 150 to 200 vear with few exceptions, and we did not coll more than 10 to 15 tons in any one year and that only when the weather was catchy, and I venture to say that our hay will compare favorably with any other.But as we are beginning to grow alfalfa, we make a practice of curing it mostly in the coil.coil.writer has assisted tons of hay each 1 will try and outline our plan in brief.The alfalfa comes first on the list.We cut early in the day just about what can be handled the next uat in the afternoon.We \u201c\u201cted\u2019\u2019 it almost right after the mower,and if it is heavy, \u2018ted\u2019 it again immediately, then again early next morning, so as to have it done before the dew, is off.( Right here is where many make a mistake and consequently condemn the tedder, which is the best hay-making tool we have.They leave the hay until it is dry on top before thev start the tedder, when it knocks off a goodlv portion of the leaves especial- Iv of clovers.) As soon as the dew is well off.we rake it up.In the afternoon put it up in goodsized coils, which we leave standing for several davs.These will take we | very little harm if it does rain, as it goes together very closelv when coiled so fresh.As soon as the alfalfa is in coil, we go right ahead with the red clover and timothy, not cutting any more in one morning than we can save in an afternoon, using the tedder, etc, just the same as we do with the alfalfa, especially in the early : part of the season.The exception is that we commence to haul in the afternoon instead of putting it in coil.Whenever it is convenient we draw in a load or two of alfalfa or if it is threating rain we quit cutting and draw from the coils.lf hay gets a shower the tedder should be started as soon as the rain is over.any stain from the wet.We put about This will loosen it up and shake most of the water out and vou will scarcely notice three quarts of salt upon each load after it is spread in the mow, and we spread each load from the horse fork the same as if pitched by hand.By so doing the hay can be put in much fresher than when left lying in horse \u2018\u2018forkfuls.\u201d The above system works well, generally speaking.Of course, it has to be varied slightly according to wind and weather.R.H.HARDING.Middlessex Co., Ont., Farm World.2% oR Clipping Alfalfa the First Season This 1s a practice much advised by certain writers but we have been unable to agree with them.Thev say : \u2018\u2018Run the mower over the voung alfalfa.when sown alone, in order to check the growth of the weeds.\u201d But they do not seem to realize that the process checks the vrowth of young alfalfa plants just as much as it does the weeds.Alfalfa will stand frequent mowing when once the root is established.But the crown is not established with the voung plant until itis from four to six months of ave.To clip it before is to run the risk of checking its growth to its great injurv.This is one of THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 89 the dangers that arise in sowing it with a nurse crop, unless the grain has been sown very thin and the cutter bar of the reaper is carried as high as possible.If the young plants are set back in their growth the first suminer, they are liable to not make sufficient headway to stand the severe winter that follows.\u2018But shall we let the weeds go to seed?\u201d asks the farmer.Well, there is this much to say about that.The three cuttings you will give your alfalfa the next season will kill a large portion of the weeds and if your alfalfa lasts for three or more seasons, it will prove the greatest weed killer you can find.So we have found that where alfalfa 1s sown alone, it is best to let it take its course unclipped the first season.Here is where the advantage comes in of using not less than 25 pounds of seed.Sow 1t thick enough soit will hold the ground in spite of weeds.Then again, poor seed lets in the weeds.Every bit of seed should be tested to know that it is full of vitality.But let the alfalfa alone the first season.especiallv in northern climates.\u2014Hoard.I -t A Remedy for Fly on Turnips I have been told of a cure for the turnip fly, which may be of use to the readers of this paper.Dissolve 1 lb.of soît soap in 5 gals.of boiling water ; add to this one quart of paraffin, and stir it well, otherwise the paraffin will float on the top.Wet an ol bag with the mixture, and draw the bag over the turnips as soon as the fly appears.The bag will require rewetting at the end of 150 vds.: but if the bag is wetted on both sides, it may be turned over, and another 150 vds.done.Before wetting again, all earth which adheres to the bag must be shaken off.Two bags may be used tied to the ends of a stick, but the cords to which thev are tied should be sufficiently long to allow them to rest the whole length on the ground.By using two bags, of course, two rows can be done at a time.The process must be repeated on the third day after, and sometimes a third may be necessary.allowing the same time to elapse ; but my informant said that three times was always sufficient.He also added that if the mixture got cold so that the paraffin did not mix properly it must be boiled again.Now if I remember aright Mr.Wrightson in one of his letters spoke of paraffin as a remedy for turnip fly.Soft soap dissolved in water is the chief ingredient used to.kill the aphis fly on hops.A friend of mine told me that he found an addition of paraî- fin beneficial,but it did not mix well with cold water; and it did not do to use hot water on hops.| should therefore think that the above would kill the turnip fly, even if I had not every confidence in the opinion of the gentleman who was my informant, which, however, 1 have, as | have known him for many years.J.R.WOODHOUSE.Dayhouse, Bredenbury, Worcester.TE oY The writer has stood on fields in the old world.fields of marvelous fertility, some of them more fertile than ever he has seen in America, and thought, \u201cHow rich these lands are, and yet they are more than a hundred years old; thought that and thought again and said : \u2018Why, yes, indeed they are more than 500 vears old;\u201d thought again.and almost shivered as the immensity came over him and said \u201cWhy, ves, a thousand years ago this was an old field and vet it is more fertile than anything in America today.\u201d Ah, reader.awaken! Get new faith in that soil of vours, and add to faith good works.Feed animals.save the manures, feed the land, drain it if it is wet, plant clovers, sow alfalfa.grow fewer acres of corn and more bushels.Plant faith, love and good works in that field and see how much more beautiful it will be as a matron than ever as a virgin \u2014Jos.E.Wing, in Breeders\u2019 Gazette. FIR A SUE ARE ARR Ee ST = ate 90 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICUL TURE AND HORTICULTURE The English Cereal Crops Fine at last : was the comment of England farmers last Thursday, and a sigh of relief was heard throughout the country, for the change in the climatic conditions had only just come in the nick of time to save the farmers from a further disaster as regards their wheat crop.Fortunately for the yield of this «rop the plant has been retarded some thre weeks in its growth by the unseasonable weather that has prevailed since Easter, otherwise the rain would have diminished its yield by 50 per cent., but the change in the weather came just as the wheat was on the point of \u201cblooming\u201d; in fact, in some cases the wheat plant came into what some erroneously call \u2018bloom\u2019, or to what may be more technically described as the \u2018\u2018fertilisation period,\u201d on Monday and Tuesday last in East Anglia.The hot sun on Thursday quickly developed the organs of -eprodue- tion, and we now see this week gveneruily the wheat crop in Fast Auglia in \u2018\u201cbloom,\u201d or, to be more correct, the anthers expelled from the glumes of the wheat ear, after having discharged the pollen or fertilising dust on the stigma of the flower that is protected by the glumes or husk.This epoch in the lifehistory of this cereal has an important bearing on the time of harvest.In this connection it cannot but be noticed that no date is more regularly recorded in the farmer's calender than that on which wheat-cutting begins, and the practice is still carried on throughout England, notwithstanding the fact that wheat now is a much less prominent crop in English agriculture than it was a generation ago.But the start on the wheat does not necessarily mean the beginning of harvest, for oftentimes it commencement of the cutting of the although during the last six years the weather experienced has not been of an average description, with the result that there should be a period of six weeks between the flowering of the plant and its cutting has been somewhat discredited.Now, as regards the flower of the wheat plant, it is only once a year that we can have the chance of thoroughly examining it, and now is the time we can see it to perfection, and, should we desire to do so, the process of fertilisation can easily be followed.Those who carry out this investigation will at once note that the period called \u2018\u201cwheat in bloom\u2019\u201d is most incorrect, as then fecundation has taken place and the flower itself is dismembered.In each flower, before fertilisation, is an ovary easily distinguished if the glumes are forced asunder, surmounted by a stigyma, shaped something like a tree with two branches.These two branches, the observer will note, especially if a magni- fvino glass is used to see the full extent of the silvery beautv, are provided with smaller branches, and to the latter alone are fixed five tubes that are provided t receive the pollen.At the base of the ovarv and in the front of the flower are two glands of a velvetv texture; these can now easily be observed in the wheat ears that have not yet in the farmer's term \u201cbloomed,\u201d and these contain a peculiar liquid that is required by the filaments of the three stamens when they have fulfilled crop, their function and are ejected from the glumes.Tt is when this takes place that farmers say the wheat is in bloom, by reason of the stamens being outside the glumes of the spikelets that form the wheat ear.When the organs of the floret have ar- happens that some cutting of corn\u2014such rived at maturity it is easy to follow as rve, winter barley.winter oats \u2014 has | the phenomena of fertilisation by the fol- been effected before it is deemed prudent | lowing process : \u2014A flower is detached to make a start with the wheat crop It ' from the spikelet, and for choice a flower is a fairly safe rule as to the number of weeks which should elapse between the time of flowering of the wheat plant and the ed.should be taken from the base\u2019 as at this part they are stouter and hetter develop- An incision is then made in the outer THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 91 glume from the top to the bottom, where upon two pieces so obtained are pulled as under so that the flower and its organs itself are laid bare.With a little practice this operation can be effected without any injury to the fertilising organs, and should the prgaas of the flower he perfectly mature, as they are now in several parts of Essex and Suffolk, which will be shown by the yellow colouring of the anthers, a ray of sunlight or the heat of the breath will suffice to instantly bring about fertilisation.Fertilisation is effected by the anthers opening at the side of the stamen, and, being at the same time seized with an undulating movement, the pollen particles fall and settle on the very fine tubes with which the stigmas are furnished, as de- cribed above.These tubes act as suction ducts and absorb the fovilla, which lastly passes through the main arteries to the ovary.When the anthers let loose their pollen the three stamen flaments extend with great rapidity, and, by means of the twisting motion taken by the anthers, the stamens are thrown out of the flower as organs for which there is no longer any use, then they quickly dry up and soon drop off.It should be mentioned that a certain amount of warmth is absolutely necessary for the opening of the anthers, which must be sufficient for the anthers to burst enough for the pollen to be allowed to escape.A rise or fall of the temperature, therefore, when the floret has reached its culminating point is of equally decisive effect.If the temperature falls much below 70 deg.Fahr., and especially should it come on to rain for any length of time, not only will the anthers not open, but many of them will be destroved by it.Should such atmospheric conditions continue, a large number of the spikelets of cach ear of wheat will remain infertile, and so the hope of a good yield at harvest is lost.Unless we have torrid heat during the next few weeks to accelerate the ripening of the crop to a degree that nobody could anticipate this season, as was the case five years ago, the cutting of wheat this «season will be general in some parts of Fast Anglia on or about August 18th, and with the weather we are now experiencing for the next week, so that fertilisation can be completed throughout East Anglia, a good yield of grain should result.Touring through East Anglia, I find that this year the ears of wheat are small, while the straw is of abnormal length.Barley does not look so well as it should, while oats can be said to be the best looking of the cereals.\u2014R.W.D.2, rN {From a Correspondedt ) Agricultural writers a few years ago directed a great part of their attention to the study of wheat growing, which was then the mainstay of the British farmer.Barley and oats held a large place in the works of teachers in those days, and these crops are of immense importance to-day, particularly in certain counties.An even sample of finely coloured barley generally sells well to the malster, sweet oats make palatable oatmeal and the best provender for horses.To-day the centre of gravity seems to have changed, and these crops occupy less attention than formerly.The traveller leaving London and going North, South, or West is struck by the large breadth of pasture and the limited of arable land.Fruit growing and market garden work develop in certain districts; but cold clay soils are unsuitable for the culture of vegetables, and the spread of allotments diminished the demand in provincial towns, while our fruit markets are often overdone by foreign products which are dumped on our coasts.These circumstances thus briefly alluded to, seem to lend interest to the Conference on Poultry, which has just been in conclave at Reading.Delegates from distant foreign and from many counties in Great Britain, assembled together to discuss various problems connected with this industry, in which we are all more less interested, either as producers or consumers. boon immo.im are Yor [I 92 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULPURE AND HORTICULTURE \u201cSN fie ae LET 55 = or - (CONLUCTEL BY Miss M.G.JENNER-FUST) WALLS AND FLOORS Without question there are no floors to be compared to those of hard wood and the only thing, to he said, against them, 3s the cost.They are so easily kept clean for.unless requiring polishing, a pail of warm water and a soft cloth ig all that is ne- The dust and dirt all lie on the surface and are without difficulty re- cessary., moved with even a broom covered with canton flannel.Keep the woolly side of the canton flannel out as it will collect the dust instead of raising it to settle again somewhere else, .No many houses have ill laid, uneven floors, and in a great number the skirting hoards do not join the floor boards by an inch or more.This sort of thing not only causes draughts, but allows dust to constantly accumulate.Before staining the border, trv and stop up all these holes with brown paper; or better still, have a strip of wood nailed all round the base- The cracks between the boards of the floor should be filled with some of the special fillings for that purpose.The floor should be thoroughly scrubbed with a hard brush and strong soft-soap so as to remove all grease and stains, then rinsed with warm water, in which has been put a little ammonia.The floor should be allowed to drv thoroughly for several hours.when it will be ready for its first cout of stain.Dark oak and mahogany are always the favourite colours, although many are using some of the beautiful new shades of oreen.These colours only look well when the carpets and walls can hoard.be an exact match, so for ordinary purposes thev cannot be recommended.Where hard wood floors are out of the question the next best thing is a nicely stained floor or border with a quiet coloured rug or \u2018woolen square in the centre.No room on any account should have the carpet covering the entire floor.| Squares are much more eusily taken up, shaken and relaid than fitted carpets, and can in manv cases be moved about from room to room without any trouble of refitting.How many rooms we see entirely spoilt by the carpet or wall paper.So many make the mistake of buying carpets of large elaborate bright colouring, which never look well even in larpe spacious apartments.Keep the floor covering, walls and hangings in quiet colours but whatever bright effect is desired let it he acquired in the cushions and general trimmings.Heavy carpets and rugs should only be indulged in by those with plenty of servants at their command.If these are only swept occasionally all furniture and bric-à-brac has to be removed from .the room or covered with dust sheets, but even then with the greatest precaution, such as dampened paper, coarse salt, bran or washed tealeaves, some dust will escape even the best sweeper.One, of the prettiest rooms scen lately, has the walls covered with a plain darkish blue paper of the delf tone, with white frieze and ceeling.On the floor is a blue rug, the middle part of which matches the walls, the only colouring being where a small design, in the centre and corners, is carried out in crimson and old gold.At the windows are lace curtains with heavier ones of the same shade as the walls and rug.The touch of different colours is given on the wide old-fashioned lounge.which is covered all over with a piece of leaf-green cotton plush, and on it is thrown a dozen cushions or so of every description of colour such as pale green, pale blue.lavender and white muslin.design and = ETE THE JOURNAL OF AGRICUL TURE AND HORTICULTURE 93 Of late years there outcry, from the health against, heavy carpets, wall-papers and woolen furniture covering, in fact, anything that cannot be washed.Many good has been a great point of view; | | authorities declare that thev are the home of dust and therefore of uncleanliness, so that all walls should be painted instead of | papered as the former are so easily washed.Undoubtedly painted walls are very desirable in kitchens where there is much steam and dust.One of the greatest crimes against clean- , liness is pasting one wall paper over another.Certainly this should not be done as apart from the fact that the paper often rises in places, it is decidedly an unhealthy custom although many are not aware of it.In the matter of furniture it should be made of wood, wicker or rattan with firin cushion-seats covered with leather or some washing material.It is really dreadful, when one comes to think of it, what an accumulation of dust and dirt there must be in some old furniture that has not been re-covered for vears.Look at a cotton dress that has been worn in the kitchen for perhaps a week and see the result.Still, we have in our living rooms old chairs and sofas that have had only the surface dirt and dust swept off them for years, and till our attention was drawn to this state of affairs we never gave it a thought.NOVEL EFFECT IN LANDSCAPE GARDENING ( Philadelphia Bulletin ) \u201cI shall introduce this vear, said a landscape gardener, \u2018two novelties on the grounds of a Newport millionnaire\u2014a floral clock and a revolving flower bed.\u201cThe clock is to he a circle twenty feet in diameter.The face will be of grass.The hands will be of white carnations.The numbers will be red roses, pansies, heliotrope and so on.This clock will work electricallv, and of course, the mechanism will be concealed.Will it keep good time ?Oh, the best! | made an experimental one last week that only varies eighteen seconds a day.The revolving beds will be a feature of a sunken garden.There will be four of them, each 12 feet square, and they will revolve electrically at a revolution a minute.These novelties will be the first motion pieces ever introduced into American landscape gardening.\u2019 COLD MEAT ROLY-POLY Take a pound of cold veal, cold chicken, or, failing either of these,cold beef; free it from skin and bone,and mince it finely; add to it half a pound of either bacon or ham, which must also be finely minced ; add also six ounces of fresh bread crumbs which have been allowed to soak in a little milk, a teaspoonful of finely-minc- ed parsley, a little grated lemon-peel,pepper and salt to suit vour own taste,and Just a tiny grate of nutmeg.Add a gill of good gravy or stock and the well- beaten yolks of two eggs; mix thoroughly, and finally add the whites of the eggs whisked to a firm froth, Then roll in a well-greased pudding-cloth, in the same way that you would a rolv-poly pudding; steam for two hours, turn out carefully, and serve with tomato sauce.EGGS IN BROWN SAUCE To prepare, brown a tablespoonful of flour in as much butter, and add a \u2018 small sliced onion.Cook thoroughly, then add enough stock to make a smooth sauce.Have ready as many hard boiled egos as you will need, sliced.Put these sauce and let them boil up.in the Add ix or seven olives that have been cut from the stones, after being boiled in a small amount of water, and then serve with parsley as a garnish.STUFFED MARROW Take a medium-sized voung vegetable- marrow.peel it and cut off both top and ave os pilin ot ma be pons NY ar eon tg ihe an a 94 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE buttom and remove the seeds.plenty of salted water twenty minutes, lift it out carefully on to a sieve and | let it drain-thoroughlv.Now fill it with the following mince: Chop an onion and mushroom finely and \u2018ry together in butter (about an ounce) for : ten minutes or a quarter of an hour ; add as much flour as it will absorb and stock to form a cook on the side of the stove about ten minutes, then mince the remains of any cold meat ; chicken and ham or preferable.Full the marrow with this and place a layer of mashed potatoes at each end to keep the mince in.Put the marrow on a buttered tin with a piece of buttered paper over, place in a moderate oven twenty minutes.Dish ap on a mound of mashed potatoes; stir a little flour into the tin it was baked in, add some good gravy, bring to the boil, and strain over the marrow.A NEW SALAD Jama are If vou want a new salad use the crisp inside leaves of the lettuce and slice oranges into them.Pour a French dressing over it all and eat it with toasted crackers and cream cheese.Boil it in | firm paste, let this (CONDUCTED BY MR.GEORGE MOORE) A PLEA FOR PLUMS (Concluded ) There are a great many kinds of plums, varying in their hardiness and a daptabili- ty to different soils.Most varieties will grow on any good soil, be it light or heavy, but the old fashioned varieties from Europe, especially those of the Dawson type, thrive best and live longest on heavv clay.The Dawson,althouch small, is one of the most delicious of the plum fami- .y, Juicy, find in flavor and when cooked or preserved of a rich crimson color.The prune Dawson is larger and well worthy of a place; Lombard, Bradshaw and Moore's Arctic are also excellent.The gages are a little more difficult to manage; The Green Gage is perhaps the most useful as a table fruit.Reine Claude de Bavay is an enlarged green gage, and being later it is a little more hardy.Magnum bonum and golden-drop, are two very fine plums | but difficult to grow.The Japanese plums are now the favorites with many growers, of these the Burbank and Abundance are among the most satisfactory.They are short lived, but will thrive for a time upon light sandy or gravelly land.One of the most prolific, early bearing and delicious plums is the Moore\u2019s Arctic.It is a medium sized, roundish, dark purple fruit fine for table and preserves.It is of Nova Scotian origin, and consequently is particularly hardy.But it is useless to attempt to select suitable varieties, prepare the soil, plant, prune, and cultivate with all diligence and atten- AP. Avg Le eee Pr EE a or Ge THE JOURNAL.OF AGRICUL TURE AND HORTICULTURE 95 tion, if we do not watch carefully, adopt the prescribed means to prevent or destroy the powerful causes of disease and destruction to which they are liable.The Black-knot is the most dreaded and destructive disease of the plum.Utter neglect of the plum orchards, partiy, no doubt, from a want of knowing what to do, led to their utter destruction in many localities.Prof.Wauoh of Massachusetts, Agricultural College has lately given his views on plum culture and thus discusses the disease called the Black-knot.\u201cPlum-trees, even of the most susceptible varieties, which receive good care will rarely suffer from black-knot.Spraying will do something to check the disease, but the pruning knife will do more.Every black- knot should be cut out and burned as soon and ' knots are as it is seen.If a general pruning is given the trees in June, most of the black-knot will be discovered in its earliest stages ; then is the best time for its removal.The fruit grower should go through the plantation again, during the period when the leaves are off, when any fully developed plainly visible: these should then be removed and burned.If this practice is kept up year after year, there will be no difficulty whatever.\u201d The brown rot or ripe rot attacks the fruit about the time of ripening.Careful hand-thinnine.gathering the fruit before it is quite ripe, and spraying with Bordeaux mixture through the summer while the fungus is growing on the young twigs, are found effectual to check if not to prevent the disease.The curculio is an insect which if left alone is ruinous.The {fruits are punctured by the insect when they are about as large as peas and then a great many of them fall off but not to the injury of the main crop which requires thinning.After the curculio has done his work the fruit which remains, bearing the curculio mark, should be taken of, by hand, and the fruit even still more thinned, thinning a plum crop by hand may be a somewhat tedious operation but never the less it is a very important one.The troublesome San José scale has a The above engraving should have appeared on page 66 of the No.for August 1st, in illustration of Mr.George Moore's article on the Rhododendron.Unfortunately, the foreman did not understand the order and it was omitted.\u2014 £d.J.of Ag. ee aL THA Nl TH AE AL eit ain PI eases IE VS SALA rn Abr.BAL sb.SAY A TR BR FL ELT 96 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE great partiality for plum trees, and as it increases very rapidly must be carefully looked out for and checked immediately by the prompt application of lime and sulphur spray while the trees are leafless.Spraying plum trees should be done about four times in the vear, and with thoroughness and care, otherwise the time and material used will be wasted.Spray with lime and sulphur solution,very earlv in the spring for San José scale.Before the buds open spray with Bordeaux mixture about half the strength of the usual formula.A good spraying with Bordeaux mixture with Paris green added should be given while the blossoms are falling.The Bordeaux mixture of the strength used for apple trees will not answer for plums as it will injure the foliage.With these data to go by and a full determination to follow the suggestions im- plicetly, there seems no reason why plums can not again be made a source of profit as in days gone by.GEO MOORE.A a NATURE STUDIES By GEO.MOORE.CHap, I \u2014 PRACTICAL And now | propose to give, especially to my young readers, a little insight into some of the processes of nature from a horticultural stand-point, in order to awaken in them the first dawnings of a love of the subject, and to whet their mental apetites for the acquirement of a deeper knowledge ol its uses and beauties.And first let us remark that we are deeply indebted to science for the means we at present possess wherewith to prosecute our studies.The ancients had no such helps, and, so, many of the phenomena of nature, were unaccounted for, or else their conclusions with regard to them were wild and erroneous.Now chemistry, biology, mechanics, and, in fact, all the kindred arts and sciences are at our disposal, and render our observations clear and accurate, and apparently curious processes easily accounted for and full of interest to the thoughtful observer.Perhaps the most useful of the scientific instruments is the microscope, for by its means the hidden forces of nature are brought to light, and objects exposed to view, and rendered capable of minute description and analysis to a degree of which our forefathers, had no conception.For instance, it is clearly demonstrated that all organic matter is composed of cellular tissue, however minute it may be; that each individual cell has its use in the make up of the whole and an injury to it may be the cause of disease, and if not remedied, dissolution or what we commonly call death.The microscope has also made us acquainted with the vast scope of vegetation by revealing the existence of the wonderful vegetable organisms we call microbes or bacteria.So we are acquainted, not only with \u2018\u2018the hyssop which springeth from the | wall\u201d to the giants of the forest, but with myriads of plants of so low an order as to be invisible to the naked eye, yet each perfect in itself and capable of reproducing its species, and of aiding the growth on the one hand or causing disease and death of both plants and animals in every respect | .© their superiors on the other.It has been clearly demonstrated that bacteria are invisible fungi, the lowest order of vegetation : they pervade all space and are found also in all organic tissue; in the flesh, blood, viscera, muscles, and even in the nerves of animals, and in the bark, pith, sap and cells of trees and plants.By interupting the natural circulation of - the blood, and other fluids which are necessary to the vitality of the animal they - are the primary cause of disease, and, what | 1s still more strange, each one produces its own peculiar ailment, namely, one tuber- i culosis, another cholera, another diptheria | and so on.| .| Bacterial science has also discovered that Pe ee amie cgi. THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND IIORTICULTURE 97 cach of these has its destructive enemy ; these are called antitoxines, from the Latin \u2018\u2018anti,\u201d against, and \u2018\u2018toxicum,\u201d poison, and when the proper one is discovered and injected into the systein of the patient the disease is checked by the destruction of the bacterium which caused it.In vegetation many diseases of trees and plants, are caused by bacteria, as for instance ieaf blight of the pear, peach, and cherry, apple-scab, black-knot of the plum and most rots and blights.There is a method of soil inoculation with beneficient bacteria which is in the experimental stage but by means of which great things are promised.But like as there is, in this world, a continual conflict between good and evil, so hacteria are not all noxious in their effects but, in some occult manner not understood, a class o1 them is necessary to existence, and so to destroy them all by sterilization is a mistake.It has been proved that calves fed upon sterilized milk only.have not thriven as well as those fed upon milk direct from the cow.This is only a slight sketch of these marvelously small but mighty vegetable creations, of which only a few vears ago comparatively nothing was known.are also begining to be found of great service in helping to maintain the fertility of the soil, thus : The family of plants we call pulse or pod-bearing, such as peas, beans, tares and clover are attacked bv certain bacteria which produce knots or warts upon their roots, each of which is found to contain nitrogen, one of the most important elements of plant food, which has been collected from the atmosphere by the plant by means of its leaves, but which has been arrested in its legitimate operation of feeding the plant, and when the knots or warts which contained it are decayed, the nitrogen is mixed with the soil and thus makes it fertile for future crops, and as nsual good comes out apparent evil.It is hoped that when these facts are They more popularlv understood there will be less difficulty to induce cultivators of the land to make a liberal use of the most valuable fertilizing plant clover.But enough of these wonderful vegetable growths we cannot see with the naked eve.We will next shortly discuss some of the interesting subjects which are visible and tangible, although often overlooked by the casual observer : \u201cA primrose by the rivers brim, À little primrose is to him, And it is nothing more.\u201d Yet we shall see how much more it is to one who thinks, and studies its parts and their functions, and we shall surely find qualities calculated to elevate our minds, even more than the mere admiration of its beauty.(To be continued.) _\u2014_ TRUISMS You cannot grow a,good crop and weeds at the same time.It is prettv well demonstrated that early spring spraying with lime and kerosene emulsion will kill scale insects.The straw- berrv crop has been excellent everywhere this summer.A new strawberry, \u2018\u201cMead\u2019\u2019, should suit our climate, as it is unusually hardy in New England.It has also many other good qualities to recommend it: as size, bright red color regular conical shaped berries and pleasant flavor.weeds and insects crops and our If we don't capture thev will capture our profits.To secure the highest prices, a superior article must be produced and placed on the market honestly and attractively.Water glass for eggs, will decompose when open to the air and a precipitate of silver and carbonate of soda will be formed but will | he no detriment to the keeping of the ergs.\u2014 Rural New Yorker. 98 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE ORCHARDS IN THE SOD When I think of the splendid old orchards of the past time which were covered with permanent sod I begin to wonder if that is not a better method than a continuous method of surface cultivation at least after the first few vears of planting.Certainly on side hills the sod system has its advantages.It acts as a cover-crop which holds the snow in winter.It prevents the land being stripped of its fertilizing humus by heavy storms in spring and summer and keeps the earth moist and at a uniform temperature.It is generally admitted that the results of grass-covered orchards arebetter color and flavor in the fruit.Prof.W.J.Green of the Ohio Experiment Station has published the results of a six years comparison of clean cultivation,cover- crop method and permanent sod-mulch for apple orchards.At the end of four years,clean cultivation was abandondened because the rains were washing away the surface, leaving the subsoil bare and useless, and leading to the gradual impoverishment of the land.The clean culture and occasional mulching are said to be practicable only on level land.The grass was mown three or four times a year and used to maintain a permanent mulch about the trees.In this way the trees received sufficient food, and the soil about the roots always showed the proper moisture and right physical conditions.The least work was involved in caring for the orchard, and the trees were more thrifty, and gave larger yields of apples by this method than by any other.The sod formed a pleasant carpet instead of mud while gatheriog the fruit, and lastly the orchard thus cultivated always has a neat and clean appearance.I have no doubt some will object to this sod-mulch method, but Prof.Green has shown that it will produce larger crops and more thrif- tv and long-lived trees, especially on hill sides, and moderately sloping land js best for an orchard site.There can be no | question that a green sod is pleasanter than the bare ground in every respect.At any rate the question is well worth consideration) of those who propose to establish a permanent orchard.GEO.MOORE.\u2014 Why Apple Trees Die Prof, Hutt on the Trouble in Midland Orchards.( Toronto Globe.) Apple growers in Durham county and other parts of the Midland district have been alarmed of late at the mysterious dying of large apple trees in a number of orchards.In the orchard of Mr.Charles Axford, of Darlington township, which was made up of thirty twelve-year-old trees just beginning to bear heavily, the trouble first showed itself last year, when two or three trees died after leafing out.The rest of the trees bore an exceptionally heavy crop, but this vear two or three dozen trees have died, and nearly half the trees in the orchard show signs of failing.Other orchards nearby are similarly affected, one on Maple Grove Stock Farm, the property of Mr.T.J.Cole, being a bad sufferer.Many theories have been advanced regarding the cause of the trouble, but as nothing definite could be assigned, the Agricultural College authorities at Guelph were appealed to to send an expert to investigate the matter.Prof.H.L.Hutt, B.S.A., visited West Durham for that purpose recently, and after a careful examination it is learned from his report, that the trouble, in his opinion, was the result of a combination of causes, the prime cause being winter injurv durino the severe winter of 1903-04.Several of the more tender varieties of apples were that vear killed outricht in many parts of the province.Baldwins suffering the most.In Mr.Axford\u2019s orchard the principal failures are among the Baldwins, and the injury may be seen in the dead bark around the naib THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 99 collar of the tree, which practically girdles the tree and eventually causes starvation through lack of proper nutrition.That the injured trees have lived so long is due to the fact that the roots were not injured, and sap was carried up to the leaves as usual, but the downflow of cambium elaborated in the leaves was unable to cross the birdled part and return to the roots, which eventually caused the starvation of the trees.The unusually heavy crop of fruit last year was the direct result of the girdling, as trees so injured usually make an effort to reproduce themselves by producing seed.The effect of the heavy bearing, however, lowered the vitality of the trees and has hastened their death this year.\u201cThis winter injury was most severe in orchards that were not on high, well-drained land, and this emphasizes the importance of care in the selection of a site for the orchard.This .was particully noticeable in the orchard of Mr.John Penfound, southwest of Courtice, in South Darlington, where he has a thriftv young orchard twelve or thirteen years old, situated on a side hill, where there is excellent drainage to lower ground.In this orchard even the Baldwins have escaped injury.The result of Prof.Hutt\u2019s investigation has been to assure fruit-growers that the trouble is not caused by some new insect or disease, which is likely to spread and do damage to other orchards.What is now noticed is really the result of previous injury from severe winters, which could not well have been avoided.\u2018 \u2014 Joh Mushroom Growing Would you kindly give me some information on growing mushrooms, as to the beds, place for growing them, temperature, etc.?Is it true that they will grow in the shade of a building or in an old shed or barn ?\u2014E.A.L.There are so many important details to be considered in connection with success- ful mushroom culture that it would fill a book to treat them fully.If he is thinking of going into mushrooms culture, it would pay the enquirer to get William Faulkner's book on \u2018\u2018Mushroom Growing,\u201d published by the Orange Judd Co., New York, price $1.00, which could ke obtained from the publishers or through any book dealer.In brief, 1 may say that there is a great deal of uncertainty about growing mushrooms unless one thoroughly understands the business.The most satisfactory place to grow them is in a frostproof cellar.They may, of course, be grown in sheds or buildings during the summer, but when so grown the crop is liable to be injured by insects which deposit their eggs upon the stems, from which maggots develop, as are seen in mushrooms grown under natural conditions.Usually the crop is grown during the winter time, although it may he grown throughout the greater part of the season.The beds are made up of stable manure, which has been thoroughly heated and turned several times to insure strong fermentation throughout the whole pile.The beds are made up when the manure reaches its maximum fermentation, the manure being packed firmly to about a foot or more in depth and covered with three or four inches of good garden loam.After the Leds are made up the temperature will pro- h: * Iv rise to over 100 degrees.The spawn it «ld not be placed in the bed until the tei» rature falls to 70 degrees or 75 de- grecs, Much of the success in mushroom culture depends upon obtaining good fresh spawn.The spzawn usually is procured in the form of bricks and is broken into chunks the size of hen\u2019s eggs and placed about a foot apart each way in the beds.If the spawn is good it should run all through the beds in the course of a few weeks and in six or eight weeks should show signs of a crop.So much, however, depends upon getting good spawn and knowing all thé details of management that we would re- ¢ 100 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE commend getting a book on the subject and studying it carefullv before going into the business on a larve scale \u2014H.L.Hutt.Ontario Agricultural College, \u2014Farm.World The Dairy Dairy Industry in the Townships i i ment cool Government has fostered the industry to a extent, establishing two experi- curing stations in the Townships for the purpose of instructing the farmers in the manner of how they should treat the milk for the making of a good certain \u201c article of cheese and butter.Mahkers hard at irork to further sstablish Supremacy | Cowansville, Qué., July 26.\u2014 The dairy industry in the Eastern Townships has developed phenomenally during the past twenty vears, and the conditions -prevail- ing here to-day are equal, if not superior, to those of any other dairy sections in the In the districts of Bedford, ; St.Francis.Compton, Stanstead.Richmond, Sherbrooke, Brome.Shefford and Missis- quoi, there are to-dav about 130 factories, all carrvine on a thriving trade and turning out on an average per factory from 25 to 125 cheese a week, and from 300 to S00 pounds of butter in the same time, The first cheese factory in Canada Was started at Dunham.Quebec, in 1860, and it 1x now one of the largest factories in the district.The butter made in the Eastern Townships is superior to anvthing made in other parts of the country, and its supre- for the reason that at the exhibition held in Canada since 1890 this butter has received the highest awards.The same.however.cannot be said of the cheese, for the that the Ontario article seems to be slightly better than the Quebec brands.TO IMPROVE STILL FIRTH R At the present time the Quebec makers are doing evervthing possible to improve the quality of their output.The cheese factories to-day show an imnrovement of one hundred per cent, over the conditions which existed ten vears avo.Especially is this the case in regard to cleanliness, the factories now being models of neatness.The country.macy is never questioned, reason t 1 The stations served their purpose.and are on the market now waiting a reasonable bid.These two buildings were elaborately fitted up and cost the Government a considerable sum of money, but the enterprise was successful.COUNTY CHEESE BOARES Another improvement which has been made in connection with the dairy industry 1s the establishing of county boards.The first board was established in this province in 1895.but the factory owners and farmers did not take kindly to them,and for many vears thev met with only a fair amount of patronave, and it is only since 1905 that the boards have accomplished anything practical.Trouble arose between the Montreal houses and their buvers on the one hand.and the sellers on the other, which.even at the present time, fosters a certain amount of suspicion and distrust between the sellers and the buvers.This question has reached an acute stage.In addition to the building of many new factories a large number of skimming stations have been constructed to save the farmer the necessity of carrving his milk a considerable distance to the factory.The farmers draw their milk to these stations, where the cream is separated from the milk bv a process of churning at the rate of 2,000 to 3.000 pounds of milk per hour.Frequently the farmers bring in, in this way.from 6 to 10 tons per week.The farmer has only a very short time to wait and then returns home with the skimmed milk which he feeds to the hogs and live stock.The amount of cheese and butter turned out of the various factories situated in the above named districts, was last year exceedingly large and the total amount of a tgp EY THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 101 business done through the medium of the boards, and on the curb, amounted to nearly $5,000,000, the Cowansville lard alone doing a trade valued at $900,000.WORK OF COUNTY BOARDS The county boards have done a great deal to improve the quality of the cheese and butter.These boards meet once a week, when buyers from the Montreal houses, and also from other parts of the country come here to bid for the produce.The cheese makers, or their representatives, are also present at these meetings.The bidding is done in the following manner.On a blackboard in a room generally connected with the county buildines are written the names of the towns and villages where butter and cheese is made, and opposite is placed the number of boxes of cheese or butter made at the factory during the week.The president of the board to- vether with the secretary are seated inside the railing, where also an auctioneer calls the bids.One representative will make a bid, the auctioneer will call out the offer, and then the bidder will go down the board calling out different points and if anv of the makers want to sell at the price offered he will shout \u2018\u2018Sale\u2019\u2019 and the bargain is closed.The Cowansville board is the largest in the Eastern Townships.St.Hyacinthe ranks next in importance.In this district the French farmers have taken very kindly to the making of butter and cheese, and the quality of both articles which they are turning out at that point is to-day of the highest order.PRESIDENT BURNET'S VIEW The president of the Cowansville board, Mr.T.L.Burnet, who is himself a large seller of cheese and butter, says: \u201cIf the patrons who profess to sell on the board at board prices would actually do this,there would be a marked improvement in the quality of the cheese.The trouble in this connection is that factories who are members of the board do not in all cases bring their goods to the board, but sell them on a contracting basis which upsets the price and causes a general cutting all- round, and when this cutting starts, the quality of the cheese suffers.Happily this contracting business is becoming more limited every dav.\u201d Many of the cheese and butter factories are worked on the co-operative plan.Several farmers get together and put in enough capital to run a factory, and secure the services of a maker, and the profits are divided at the end of the year.However, the greater number of factories are owned by private individuals who charge so much for the making of the cheese.The butter makers are very jealous of their make of butter and lately have endeavored to make matters pretty hot in certain places and with some firms who, they claim have hought up considerable of the Townships\u2019 make, and sent it to England, where it was sold as \u2018Danish\u2019 butter.\u201cThis thing,\u201d declared a prominent cheese maker, \u2018\u2018has been going on for sometime, and we are going to stop it if we can.The pastureage here is unexcelled anywhere, and the spring water is of the very best, so that we have everything in the natural way, which give us a fine quality of milk.Now that the farmers are treating their cows in an enlightened manner our milk is the verv best in the market, and with our improved methods of cheese making there is no reason in the world why our butter should not excel, or at least equal anything on the market.\u201cIn England, our cheese is considered equal to the best, and now that we have gotten over the difficulties of getting our butter into the proper shape, we will have to combat the ruses of a great many dealers whose actions will not help the trade, but will do it a very great amount of damage.\u2018There is probably no industry in the world where is practised more chi- canerv than in this butter and cheese trade; rates ane cut to make up the prices, and through delays on the railways the cheese 102 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICUL TURE AND HORTICULTURE maker loses his price owing to deterioration in the stuff, and in many ways the farmers and cheese makers believe the buyers and cheese dealers and houses are bent on heating them.4) Il\u201d Advantages of the Silo and Alfalfa for Dairymen To those who have adopted the use of the silo its advantages are apparent.My idea in this article is to so present the facts that every man who owns a dairy farm, but not a silo, may resolve before the winter of 1907 that he will have one and thus be able to supply his cows throughout the season with a ration which is economical and satisfactory.With the silo a vast amount of food can he stored in a small space and if it is just in touch with the barn so that its doors open inside, it is an easy mutter to take out the silage at any time.Where hay alone is depended on for winter\u2019's feed.it takes a lot of barn room to hold enough for a goodsized herd of cows, and often the farmer is deterred from getting more cows because he knows that his barn will hold no more than in necessary to feed those he has.The cost of building a silo is more than offset bv the saved expense of enlarging the old barn or building à new one.A great advantage in feeding silage is that the cellular structure of the corn plant has been preserved with all its juices, and this is easily digestible by the cows and helps keep their digestive organs is good condition.Silage is not dusty as hay often is, and therefore there is no danger of filling the barn with millions of bacteria- laden particles when some of it is thrown down for feed.The silo will cheapen the cost of dairy production more perhaps than any other one factor of which the dairyman can avail himself.It is.however, unnecessary to enlarge upon the value of it for every dairvman in a country where corn grows, certainly understands that.I feed from thirty to forty pounds of ensilage per day in proportion to the cow.We aim for our cows to have all they want, and in the best condition.The ensilage ration is balanced with cornmeal and bran, half and half by weight, and clover and alfalfa hav.The bran and corn-meal are fed in proportion to the period of lactation of the cow, and as much as she will consume at a profit.We feed our ensilage and grain the first thing in the morning, then do our milking and separating, then feed at noon ten to fifteen pounds of clover and alfalfa hay.The same method is followed in the evening with ensilage and crain.We do not depend on grass alone more than ninety days in the year.Then if we havè any ensilage left over from winter we feed about twenty to twenty- five pounds per day.If we have no ensilage we sow.a small plat to oats and peas and begin feeding as soon as it will do, cutting from the field and hauling to the pasture each day.This is a more expensive way of feeding than the ensilage but it is far better than to let the cows go hungry, for a hungry cow won't give milk.I would advise dairvmen to grow more protein feed upon the farm.1 am sure that the plan is a good one and one that will pay under almost any conditions.What is the use of spending good, hard-earned money for rich, concentrated feeding stuffs when vou can just as well grow them for almost nothing as compared with what market feed costs.It certainly looks as if something were wrong with the farmer who persists in carrying on his farm and crop operations in the same old way, when he could just as well be profiting bv new methods.The raising of more leguminous plants upon the farm will do away with the necessity of buying commercial feed to balance up the farm ration.A ton of alfalfa hay contains nearly as much protein as a ton of wheat bran, which usually costs from $15.00 to $20.00 in the open market while one acre of land will produce several tons of the hay an- THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 103 nually, it does not seem therefore as if there would be much question as to which dood product is the cheapest for the farmer to use.The balance is greatly in favor of alfalfa hav.Clover although not quite so rich in protein as alfalfa furnishes a much cheaper source of this bone and muscle- making food.There is no reason why farmers should dislike to try new crops.The mere interest involved in making the experiment which may result in introducing a more profitable crop should he enough to induce the trial.Investigation along these lines invariably leads to the increase of annual profit from as well as contribute to building up and retaining the soil fertility.Let it not be understood, however, that I advocate doing without grain feeds entire- | ly.Not at all, feeds containing tein the concentrated feed bill can be but by growing rough a high per cent of pro- cut down materially and still our animals re- will | ceive a well balanced ration which give the best results \u2014J.P.F.Fulton Co., N.-Y.Farm World._\u2014 Pointers for Cheesemakers Chiéf Instructor Publow of Eastern Ontario reports to the Department of Agriculture that the cheese made during May superior to that made during the same month of 1906.This improvement is largely due to the cool and sweet condition in which the milk was delivered to the factories.He gives the following good advice to makers : \u201cNow that cows are on full vrass, and the weather is becoming warmer, it would be well for makers to set the milk a little sweeter, and use a little less rennet and a was little less culture and a little more salt than when making fodder cheese.They should pay particular attention in the cutting and cooking of the curd, and see that it is of uniform size, and firm and elastic by the time there is sufficient acid for the removal of the whey.I would not | advise more than 1-4 inch on hot iron, and less will give better results, especially if the curd 1s cheddared on the pan.Be sure and have the curd well dried out before matting for nothing is more essential to insure firm body, uniform color, and close,smooth texture in cheese than having the curd carefully cooked and properly dried, with the richt amount of acid at the time of matting.I find that it is at this stage of the procers that the majority of the mistakes are made.I would also like to remind them also of the importance of vood finish, and of stenciling the weight neatly on the boxes.\u201d \u2014\" A Feeding the Dairy Calf One of the best authorities of America gives the following rules for rearing a calf to make a dairy cow : The all-important thing is to have a well-bred, healthy calf to start on.This means a mother and a grand-mother, also a father and a grand-father of good constitution.Then the mother when carrying her calf needs feeding for constitution as well as for milk; No cow that is pushed by concentrated protein foods, excessively fed, for the purpose of securing every drop possible of milk, can le expected to drop a calf that is constitutionally strong.This is one potent cause why so many calves are puny and contract bowel diseases soon after birth, and die.It 1s vitally strong the mother must be to carry her through parturition well and enable her to drop a calf vitally strong.The food for the young calf should always le its mother\u2019s milk, whole and warm, as drawn from the udder.The only exceptions to this would be when the mother is a cow of either Jersey or Guernsey breed, and produces milk excessively \u2018rich in solids, when a little water can with advantage be added.Whole milk fed at least two weeks, thrice a day in cold weather and twice in warm weather, never allowing the calf to hecome extremely hungrv, should be for mami Ep amt © 104 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE the rule.Then at first a little skimmilk can be added, which can be increased, until by the time it is six weeks of age the food can consist whollv of skim milk.At about three weeks of age most calves will partake of some fine earily cut hay and show a desire to lick food like wheat bran and ground oats.The better way to feed these will be to put a handful in the pail after the calf has drunk the milk for 1t to lick up.Never mix the meal with the milk.\u2014Farm.World.bd vr More mixed up Information regarding Pasteurization of Milk for Cities Hoard's Dairyman.\u2014 While the very fact that we can hardly pick up any dairy publication today of which every number does not contain something regarding pasteurization of milk, still it is a great pity that just when we seem to have come to some reasonable conclusion as to real benefits of that process.then somebody again butts in, and begins to go over the ancient objections, which have repeatedly been refuted and will again try to convince farmers, doctors and public that the only proper thing to do is to produce milk so good, and handle it so carefully from cow to dining table that no pasteurization is needed.Thus in Hoard\u2019s Dairvman again and again various writers including myself, have been trying to show that it would be absolutely impossible to supply our large cities today with even a reasonably pure, clean and safe milk and cream In its raw state, no matter how many so called dairy inspectors may be employed.Now in Hoard\u2019s Dairvmen for June 21st we find one of those always interesting and well written articles bv Mr.John Gould, in which this true friend of the dairymen certainly has been led astrav by \u2018one of the most skilled of eastern experts in dairvine.\u201d whose name TI - should like to know, because this \u201cexpert\u201d surely proves himself way behind our times.It certainlv is absurd in anyone, but especially in an expert, today, to call pasteurizing a \u2018\u2018makeshift attended with more dangers = than raw milk.\u201d The careful readers of various articles in Hoard\u2019s Dai- rvman on pasteurized milk will know how untrue this statement is.He also speaks of even \u2018\u201c\u201cthe wisest having doubt in the benefits of pasteurization.\u201d and the opponents no end of proof as to its lessened value.(How untrue today, while fully true ten vears ago.When we have such well known experts as N.Emmett Holt, one of the greatest advocates of special certified milk for infants, acknowledge that even heating to 165° ov 170° F.for 20 minutes does not injure the quality of the milk, and advocates pasteurization of all milk which can\u2019t be guaranteed safe from disease germs, then I think it is time for certain so called experts to keep quiet, at least, if they may not be willing to admit their mistaken notions.My friend, Dr Geo.M.Kober of Washington, D.C., one of the greatest sanitary milk cranks, (in the best sense) is one of the leading men on the milk commission in that city, which just now have unanimously declared in favor of compulsory pasteurization of all milk not certified or from carefully inspected herds and dairies.While the law for compnlsorv pasteurization of all, not certified, milk for New York City fell through.and fortunately so because it was premature and not correct in details, still the general opinion of the most intelligent press as well as of doctors and consumers, is all in favor of proper pasteurization of milk and cream, as the only means to supply such at reasonable prices.Now T am glad to say that while Brother Gould quotes the opinions of that eastern expert, «till he hesitates, with his nsual common sense, to jump richt up and holler \u201c*\u2018Amen.\u201d\u201d He himself believes there is a nivcer in the woodpile, which will be the cause of upsetting all expert opposition to pasteurization.the price to be THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE 105 paid for raw milk, pure and clean enough to be sold just as it left the cow, only cooled.The city people have not said and will never say to farmers or milkmen: \u2018We will pav \u2018the higher price if vou only give us such perfectly wholesome raw milk.\u201d And when Brother Gould says such milk is worth one cent more per quart, he certainly is both right and One cent !| Why, vou could not find a dairy farmer who would supply certified milk at such slight advance and the extra trouble and care in handling and delivering to a scattered trade in the city 1s worth 5c per quart extra at least.Ask anv of our best and conscientous milkmen, and thev will all tell you that there is no monev in retailing certified milk at even 12 or l15c a quart, when plain, good, pasteurized milk guaranteed to keep sweet and to be free from disease verms sells at Sc.There are facts no one c¢an deny who knows anything about citv milk.Wrong.One point more : A pity again that nearly all writers in dairv papers are so onesided as to blame the milkdealers for the low prices of milk.The facts are, that while all kinds of food have risen tremendously in retail price during late vears, milk has almost stood still.And while I surely admit that the farmers do not get as good a price as they should for good milk, especially hecause so slight attention is paid to the richness of milk for city supply, still the milk dealer today has to go into far greater expense in handling and caring for his milk than some years ago.He pays the same price or a little more for the milk and retails it in far better shape at the same price as before.Fveryone may know, that the profits of the milk business are not what they used to be, and the best proof is that gradually the smaller milkmen find themselves unable to keep up and sell out to other larger dealers.This is unavoidable, as we live in days of consolidation, which also is all right enough, provided we can do it with something of that cooperative spirit which is the ornament and pride of the Danish dairymen.J.MOLDENHAWER.Brooklyn N.-Y.3% Il Cheese Shrinkage Some complaints have been received from Great Britain of loss in weight on Canadian cheese.One firm states that last fall on 1,040 boxes imported they found a difference of 950 pounds between the average loss allowed and the actual loss, which added 18c.per 112 lbs.to the cost of the goods.This shrinkage is in all probability due to the cheese being shipped out before they are properly matured.Dairvmen woul do well to note this.The Morse The Mare to Breed from commonly seem to think mare is good for nothing of.\u201d Farmers very that when a else \u2018she will do to raise a colt out This is true enough in a way ; but of what value will the colt be when it is raised ?As a general rule breeding from mares of this class means loss of money and vexation of spirit.There is to-dav as much profit to be made in raising horses, as any other class of live stock, but the horses must be good ones, specialized for some particular purpose and not mere scrubs; if the best results are to be ohtain- ed.The qualifications necessary in the stallion have been so thoroughly and o ften impressed upon the public that it is generally understood, that nothing but the best obtainable in its class is good enough and that pure breeding must be combined with individual merit, if the qualities of the eae 106 THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE sire are to be transmitted to his progeny.But the mare, too, must be considered for she also is capable of transmitting to the foal both her good qualities and her defects, not perhaps with as great certainy in the case of a mixed blooded mare as with a pure bred, but in a greater or less \u2018can be improved degree in all cases.It is therefore essential | that the mare shall have size, good conformation and be free from any hereditary unsoundness, and from vice.Previous to mating she should be brought into a perfect state of health, not over-fat, or pampered, but well fed and groomed, so as to be in high condition.As a general rule the best brood mares are of the low grown, wide and roomy type, with hips somewhat sloping and wide and deep in the pelvis.A mare of this tvpe in any class will usually make a good mother and raise a satisfactory foal if properly mated.All horses are more or less defective in one or more points and careless mating will be apt to accentuate the defects in the {foal materially, especially if both sire and dam are affected in the same way.If the mare be defective in any point do not breed her to a horse having a similar or even an opposite fault, but rather to one that is as near perfect as possible in that particular.So, too, if the mare be on the small side mate her with a horse rather larger than herself, but avoid an enormously large horse, especially if he be of the tall, leggy kind.When considering the mating of the mare it is well to remember that horses are bred to perform certain specific services, all of which require strength, endurance and courage.But though these are: the prime qualities, essential to every good upon, while the Thoroughbred and Hackney and the races descended from them have developed speed and intelligence in the performance of their work which is but little short of marvelous.There are so many types of horses from the diminutive Shetland pony to the gi gantic Shire and each of them is so well horse, vet we do not always apply them - in the same way.Therefore many types or breeds have been produced; each one adapted to the purpose it is required to serve, Shires, Clydes and some others of great weight and muscle are so well fitted for their work as heavy draught animals that it is difficult to see how they fitted for the purpose it was bred to serve, that cross-breeding between the various tvpes would seem to be a most unnecessary and useless thing to do; yet unfortunately, it has been done and with as usual the most disastrous results to the interests of the farmers.With regard to the heavy breeds, however, inter-crossing while it it seldom of any particular benefit is not always directly injurious.Thus a Clyde mare may- be bred to a Shire horse or vice versa and a good useful colt be produced, though it would be, in no case, better than a colt got by a Clyde horse and the same mare and it loses any advantage 1t might have had in being pure bred.Crossing animals with extreme difference, such as light and heavy horses, is very seldom successful.Light or medium, common bred mares may advantageously be mated with the Thoroughbred horse for the production of good driving and saddle horses, a stallion of this class weighing about 1,300 lbs.being big enough.Horses thus bred are always in good demand and command high prices.It is not good policy to breed mares of the extreme cold-blooded types to a thoroughbred, the result seldom proving satisfactory.\u2014 Farm.World.% TO COW KEEPERS If you want lots of good cream, buy a MELOTTE CREAM SEPARATOR.It will do everything that we claim and do it for a lifetime, with proper care.We ask you to compare the Melotte alongside of all others, and test the simplicity, efficiency, ease of turning and washing, and in fact, all points.Every machine is sent on a free trial and guaran- teed.local agents or write us for particulars.Sizes ABCD Capacity 280 to 600 Ibs.Prices and capacities on application.ww AGENTS WANTED \u20143¢ R.A.LISTER & Co., Limited 58-60 Stewart St., Toronto, Ont.See our IS ES 1 Le Sizes 1 to 6 Capacity 400 to 1300 1bs.MODERN FARMING requires MODERN METHODS.We can supply you with low, handy wagon \u2014 or if a set of wide tire steel Ji wheels for your old wag- Ÿ on which will place you in the front position.They save a lot of labor e y and will last for years .; without anv cost for repairs.Wheels gre made anv size \u2014 with any width of tire desired, and to fit any axle.Sold under a positive guarantee.DOMINION WROUGHT IRON WHEEL CO, Ltd, - Write to-dav for illustrated catalogue.ORILLIA, ONT.WE WILL EXHIBIT The Dominion and Provincial Exhibition | | SHERBROOKE ONE OF THE LARGEST EVAPORATORS MADE BY US.And will be pleased to meet all interested.The Grimmm Mnfg.Co.Manufacturers of The Ch: mpion Evaporators and high class Maple Syrup Makers Supplies.58 WELLINGTON ST., MONTREAL.Write at once for the most PATENTS liberal offer ever made for obtaining patents and ask for \u2018INVENTORS GUIDE,\u201d the best hook published for Inventors.Best references.Establjshed 20 years.Address WM, N.MOORE, WASHINGTON, D.C.No other paper in the District of Montreal, or in the Province of Quebec, will give advertisers better value for their money than Be Canada The largest circulation of all morning papers in our midst.Si vous avez besoin d\u2019une Charrue, écrivez pour avoir les catalogues ei les prix de nos célèbres CHARRUES que nous fournissons avec les améliorations suivantes : Oreilles en Acier à Centre Mou \u2018Soft Center,\" Coûtres en acier trempé, Manchons en Chêne, Nouvel ajustage pour le coûtre.MONTMAGNY, DUÉ Ba THE JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE The Fascination of England The angler has one great advantage over anv and all other sportsmen.He can pursue his favorite in more places, and, us a rule, at less cost, than those who prefer shooting, hunting, yachting, or any of the other open air recreations.While an anuler is a fisherman, the aver- ave fisherman is not an angler.The distinction and difference is as great as that which makes the sportsman from the farmer and the vachtsman from the sailor.There is no commercial side to angling.ventle sport, generally indulged in by those who love the woods who enjoy a day with to the size ltis a dignified.and waters and rod and line without revard of the catch.Poets, artists.and naturalists are born anglers, and the nature lover who takes to the woods for health and recreation soon becomes an ardent angler.The sony of the reel, swish of the line, the graceful curves of the leader us the flies hover for an instant over the clear light as delicately ax a zephyr-carried rose leaf on the ve of the water, when, if the cast is successful, there comes a dash and a whirl, and the fight is on, the world is forgotten, every care and ill vanishes, brain, eve, nerve and skill all combine to land the prize.Sport ! It is of all sports the most refined and artistic.Health viving, jov bringing sport, in which no elament of cruelty, mo bloody slaughter, thought or action has a place.Truly, angling is the gentle art, and it is small wonder that its devotees number millions of the best people in this workady world.[zaak Walton tells of the angling exploits of Marc Antony and Cleopatra, and Sir Humphry Davy declares Trajan an angler.Plutarch\u2019s account of Antony's fishing, and description of the numerous paintings on the walls of the houses at Pompeii, and Opplan\u2019s book on fishing are conclusive.Flv fishing is first mentioned by Aelian, who flourished A.D.225.He also describes a species of trout the dainty cool stream and then surfa- ito evil of dressing an artificial modern writers have to be a comparati- there are many art.\u2014 and the \u2018manner fly.While many supposed fly fishing velyv modern invention, prooïs of the great antiquitv of the Glasgow \u2018Evening News.A\") Ju The Wall Street Journal publishes the following letter from an alleged farmer \u201cI bought six little pigs last November at 83 cach, paying $18 for the bunch.I figured to feed and grow them up to a per value of $15 per hog each.So 1 fed them corn (raised on the place).and buttermilk, etc., and on Monday of this week 1 sold them to a Williamsburgh hog buyer.The six weighed 1,805 pounds, and T got 55.65 per hundred pounds, making a total of 8102, or more than I originally calculated.\u201cNow a hundred millions of common stock of Union Pacific during 1897 may have looked watery.judging from the prevailing price, but it is the solid stuff now, onlv ten vears later.It looks to me as if Mr.Harriman is a splendid developer.\u2018Now, what I want to know is this : Is there anv difference in principle, legal or moral.between the development of my 83 pigs into $17 hogs and the development by FE.H.Harriman of Union Pacific common from next to nothing to $150 per share ?\u201cPersonally, T think Harriman is fine, a credit to our American life: and as to Roosevelt, to use a figure of speech, if Harriman is a fast locomotive, Roosevelt is his air-brake.Both are good in their places.\u201d W.E.C.Williamsburg, Ohio.Well.if Mr.Harriman fed Union Pacific \u201clittle pigs, worth next to nothing,\u201d with corn and buttermilk, until they were worth $150 ; he is indeed a splendid developer.But we cannot help regretting that the six little pigs were not fed, or at least fattened, with barley meal.Not that it would have made much difference to the feelings of the six little pigs, which had to cat the corn; but it would have made lots of difference to the fellows who had to eat the bacon. qa We'll Prove © To You that our sheet metal building materials are the right kind \u2014 most durable, most satisfactory, and most economical.Our \u2018\u2018Book of References\u2019\u2019 will show you how our Sheet Steel Sidings have \u201cmade good\" on many handsome homes.They give all the rich appearance of brick or stone, at a much lower cost.They come in a great variety of attractive designs.They make a house fire ard lightning-proot \u2014warm and weather-tight\u2014handsome and comfortable, A metal-clad house is the easiest to build.Anyone, who can handle a hammer, can apply our steel sidings.There is no waiting or inter- | ruption from start to finish, when you build of metal.Move right 198 St.Catherine West, Montreal.A thorough practica! BUSINESS COLLEGE and SHORTHAND.TYPEWRIT-, ING and TELEGRAPHY institution.In-| dividual DAY and EVENING instruction, | Re-opens AUG.1st.Write.call or \u2018phone ' Main 309.for prospectus.1 CAZA & 1 ORD, Principals.WANTED Salesmen to represent \u2018¢ Canada's Greatest Nurseries.\u201d Special list of New and Hardy varieties in Fruits | and Ornamentals, suited for the Pro- | vince of Quebec.Commence at once at best selling time.Liberal inducements.Pay weekly.Handsome free | outflt.Write for terms., | | STONE & WELLINGTON, TORONTO, Ont.: BUCHANAN\u2019S UNLOADING OUTFIT 5, Works well both own | stacks and in barns, ! hay and grain either loose orin sheaves.Send forcatalogueto qu ES pese in when the last nail is driven\u2014house will be dry and comfortable.Let us send you our Catalogue and \u2018\u2018Book of References.\u2019\u2019 You'll be interested in knowing how to build a better house than the ordinary, and for less money.s53Q The Metal Shingle & Siding Co.Limited, Preston, Ont.Montreal Branch: Cor.St.Catherine St.and Delorimier Ave.M.T.BUCHAN N &CO., Ingersoll,Ont.- DO NOT FAIL TO VISIT THE OGILVIE FLOUR MILLS CO., LIMITED Booth atthe SHERBROOKE FAIR Where daily practical demonstrations will be made in Bread and Pastry baking with ROYAL HOUSEHOLD FLOUR All Householders interested in good bread and fine pastry are specialy invited to attend.Copy of OGILVIE\u2019S BOOK for a COOK will be | given to all ladies applying for it. 10a- Wi N D M | LL | és ig i 58 cy ë ) à ; grin - > Bi æ ; x cet (OIE eo\u201d 55 ; me 1 J EE 4 À = jie EE : on Power and Pumping HI EAI le | | ain a rem SER Der J ch Towers are girted every five]; Mii LE BARE dl feet, and double braced.pt Wit ; Hil al 14 TANKS, PUMPS, GRAIN GRIN- = DERS, BEE SUPPLIES, = TELE Zur pe E intl \u201cFENCES ETC., ETC.: The Acme style vou see above costs only from 16 cents a linear foot.Ilandsome and 3 durable for Tawns, parks, cemeteries, ete, Any height or length.Gates to match from | 3 82.25.Write for catalog, or inspect this ideal fence.From us direct or any Page dealer.ie.The PAGE Wire Fence Co., Limited Walkerville | Toronle.Montreal dû 1 0 ! ! os | Hamilton Mica Roofing Co.i IDEAL GAS AND CAS'OLINE EN-§ | * GINES, AUTOMATIC BATCH rer a CONCRETE MIXERS.MICA ROOFING \u2014 i E 1 | _ 1 Goold, Shapley & Muir Co., Ltd., For steep or flat roots.water : proof, fireproof, easily laid, eap- | .BRANTFORD, CANADA.; er than other roofing.Send stamp \\ | for sample and mention this paper.à } Qur Our tecth are beau- fon tiful.natural and guar | antee en raneo- : American Institute.3 § Amor ican Institute, in\u201d 101 Rebecca St., Hamilton, Gan, 8 street.Montreal, | N J i 4 Threshing Machines ssh y or i or 2 Horse-Power or for Gasoline Engines.0] Catalogues sent Free upon request.ne ANS Tir N Le 2 > MANUFACTURER & IMPORTER, ay P.I.L \u201cAR y Carriages, Wagons, Harnesses, Agricultural Implements Li i OF ALL KINDS.273 ST.PAUL STREET, QUEBEC.wl Lost Strayed or Stolen\u2014One Gow That is about what happens each year for the man who owns five cows and does not use a Tubular cream sépa- rator.He loses in cream more than the price of agood cow.The more cows he owns the greater the loss.This is a À fact on which Agricultural Colleges, Dairy Experts and the best Dairymen all agree, and s0 if you use a ou Tubular.If not, its high time you did.You can\u2019t afford to lose the price of one or more cows each year\u2014there\u2019s no reason why you should.et a Tubular and get more and better cream out of the milk;save time and labor and have warm sweet skimmed milk for the calves, Don\u2019t buy sume cheap rattletrap thing called a separator; that won\u2019t do any good.You need a real skimmer that does perfect work,skims clean, thirk or thin, hot or cold; runs easy; simple in construction; easily understood.That\u2019s the Tubular and there is but one Tubular, the Shar- ples Tubular.Don\u2019t you want our ittle book \u2018\u2018Business Dairymen,\u201d and our Catalog A.233 both free?A postal will bring them, The Sharples Separator Go.West Chester, Pa.Toronto, Can.Chicago, lil.| GINSENG easy to cultivate, could not te passed as a reminerative cultivation In fact, well cultivated, it will bring not only $50.00, but $50,000 am acre.The Ginseng\u2019s seed.can be sown from the 15th of may\u2018to 15 October, is a big advantage for farmers.Cn receipt of 10 cents coin, (no i J stamps.if sent will be returned) I'll A mail the first directions concerning LÉ the Ginseng\u2019s cultivation with ° the price of the seeds and an illustration of that.plant.: Alor W.GRIGNON, A.LÀ.member of the Board of Agriculture, Jt of Québec.Cel TLL ar N.B.\u2014This Seed | can .he< sown.in EE Pineda ani re ran er \u201cTT 4 A, Standard Time - everywhere 1s In every time belt between New York and San Francisco\u2014Eastern, Central, Western and Pacific\u2014the Elgin Watc is the standard timekeeper.Every Elgin Watch is fully guaranteed.All jewelers have Elgin Watches.\" An interesting, illustrated booklet about watches, sent free on request to ELGIN NATIONAL WATCH CO., Elgin, III.3 SAN FRANCISCO 8 o 13 4s COLD STORAGE Circulation of Cold and Dry Air.Perfect Ventilation.Suitable temperature for keeping all kinds of Produce, Butter, Cheese, Eggs, Fruits, a.Well kept in good condition according to the modern and scientific methods.\u201c Corner Grey Nuns and William Sts.Montreal, O.M.GOULD, Manager.sur- { very month, from spring to: fall.LL Ciéculats-in Franch oply.s \u2018 : Your best Horse may strain his Shoulder or FetlocK tomorrow Get a bottle of FELLOWS\u2019 LEEMING\u2019S ESSENCE today.Fellows\u2019 Leeming\u2019s Essence acts like magic.It draws out all the soreness and stiffness from strains, sprains and bruises\u2014and limbers up the joints.One application usually cures ordinary lameness\u2014and two rubbings fix the horse all right, + , It does horses so much good right at the start that they can be put .to work a few hours after the Essence has been applied.Lo - Accidents are liable to happen at any time, Be ready for them, __ Get a bottle of Fellows\u2019 Leeming\u2019s Essence today.50c.a bottle, At all dealers or from the = 11 * NATIONAL DRUG & CHEMICAL CO., LIMITED, MONTREAL.Le \u201c gs 7 A Safo Speedy and Positive Cure Ton Seat Best BL fot id a or severe \u2018notions en Entre, \u201cAUPE ches or ra m Horses pare FIRIN BEDE to pra AL SANTE ERY fF use.CEC sy free ons Ede CO., Toronto, Ont, Ty IMPROVED Separator : This is one of the many testimonials we are receiving about the \u2018\u2018* MAPLE LEAF\u201d Cream Wilber \u2018force, June 8th., 1907, I received the \u201c Maple Leaf some time ago,but neglected writing you until I gave it a fair trial and I find it an Up to Date separator, and am well satisfied with it.I had no trouble in setting it wp.Yours truly, J.E.NEWBATT, : Pusey P.O., Ont.separator satisfy you also, £65.00, Ce 500 lbs.The \u201c MAPLE Lear\u201d Cream Separator will \u2018Write for booklet.The Canadian Manufacturing Co.Limited 182-186 Shearer Street, MONTREAL L'Years to Come= Just one roof is GUARANTEED in writing \u201cOSHAWA\u201d GALVANIZED STEEL, SHINGLES Put them on yourself-common sense and a hammer and snips does it.The building they cover is proof against lightning, fire.wind, rain and snow.They cost less because they're made better, and of better material: Write us and learn about ROOFING RIGHT.Address 205 The PEDLAR People EF! Oshawa Montreal Ottawa Toronto London Winnipeg livered.Book 3 livered.Cures THICK, SWOLLEN GLANDS to be good for 25 years and is really good for th at make a horse Wheeze a hundred.That's a roof of have Thick Wind, or Choke.down.can be removed with ABSORBINE or any Bunch or Swelling caused Lby\u201dstrain or inflammation.No blister, no hair gone, and horse kept at work.22.00 per bottle, de- ABSO RBINE, JR., for mankind, Hydrocele, Varicocele.Book free.Madeonly by W.F.Young, P.D.F, 134, Monmouth'St., Spring: fleld, Mags.Canadian Agents: Lyman, Sons & Co., Montreal, > free.A100, de- Goitre, Tumors, Varicose Veins, for Samples and Booklet of FLINTKOTE J! REX roorinG À and see for yourself 1, A.& W.BIRD & CO., 18 India Street, Boston, Mass, Canddian Office: 25 Common Street Montreai \u201cBrantford\u201d \u201cASPHALT\u201d\u2019 has a Silica or Sand-finish, the ravages of heat, cold, acid or Alkalis.rence: - and stand behind every ro!l with our name on.BRANTFORD ROOFING makes a roof waterproof and sparkproof, has than any other Roofing it appeals to your judgment, compare \u2018it with any bther, \u201c BRANTFORD ROOFING is good all the way through every Roll alike, \u2014 \u201cRUBBER\u201d a smooth finish.a thicker, smoother surf and you will see the di Hod Roofing\u2019 Is made in 2 grades - \u201cAsphalt\u201d & \u201c\u201c Rubber\u201d \u2018Both natural \u201cresistants to ace ffe- we know what goes into it, Brantford Roofing can te laid in any kind of weather easier Write us for \u201csamples, Prices and Printed Matter.Brantford Roofing Co.Ltd, - Brantford, Can, than any other roofing ; will lay smooth, and stay smooth.Easily affixed, will not: stick.in: roll, not fected by heat pr cold, containing 1(8 sq.[cet in each roll sufficient tc cover 10 ft.h- 10 ft: of surface.Fut - up in Rolls 32 inches wide.40 feet 6 inches long, with our own PATENT METAL END-\u2014 EVERY ROLL: is good packed this way.This is an important feature in Brantford Roofing.ca af- "]